首页|盐碱胁迫对罗氏沼虾存活、酶活性及转录表达的影响

盐碱胁迫对罗氏沼虾存活、酶活性及转录表达的影响

Effects of salt-alkaline mixed stress on survival,enzyme activity,and transcriptomic profiling of freshwater giant prawn,Macrobrachium rosenbergii

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盐碱水中的高碳酸盐碱度是影响水生甲壳动物生存的重要因素之一.为探讨盐碱胁迫对罗氏沼虾(Macrobrachium rosenbergii)存活、酶活性及基因表达的影响,本研究摸索了盐度和碳酸盐碱度对罗氏沼虾苗的半致死浓度(LC50)以及最低有影响浓度(LOEC),探究了盐碱胁迫对罗氏沼虾幼苗鳃和肝胰腺中渗透调节和抗氧化相关酶活性以及基因表达的影响.结果显示,盐度对罗氏沼虾虾苗的96 h-LC50为27.1,96h-LOEC为16.5;碱度对罗氏沼虾虾苗的96 h-LC50为230.7 mg/L,96 h-LOEC为96.6 mg/L;并且盐碱交互作用表现出协同效应.罗氏沼虾幼苗鳃和肝胰腺中碱性磷酸酶(AKP)和钠钾腺苷三磷酸酶(Na+-K+-ATPase)活性随胁迫时间延长呈先降后升的趋势,鳃中钙腺苷三磷酸酶(Ca2+-ATPase)则呈现相反的变化趋势;肝胰腺中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性在胁迫中期(72 h和120 h)达到最低水平,而过氧化氢酶(CAT)和谷胱甘肽S转移酶(GST)活性增加,碳酸酐酶(CA)活性在胁迫过程中呈现先降后升的趋势,但盐碱胁迫程度所产生的影响差异不显著;转录组分析揭示鳃和肝胰腺对盐碱胁迫的响应不同,鳃组织中涉及细胞外空间/区域(如四次跨膜蛋白)、细胞对外源刺激响应(脂肪醛脱氢酶)、次级活性跨膜转运蛋白如相关基因在盐碱胁迫下表达上调;盐碱胁迫抑制了肝胰腺的细胞外空间/区域相关基因表达,但促进了碳水化合物跨膜转运蛋白[如类脂质运载蛋白]相关基因表达上调,这表明罗氏沼虾可能通过协同的渗透压调节策略(包括增强鳃的离子转运和提高肝胰腺的碳水化合物跨膜转运)来适应盐碱环境.本研究结果可为揭示罗氏沼虾在盐碱环境中的适应机制提供科学依据.
High carbonate alkalinity in saline-alkaline water is considered a crucial factor that affects the survival of crustaceans.However,the information regarding the saline-alkaline adaptation mechanisms of Macrobrachium rosenbergii is currently limited.This study aimed to investigate the effects of saline-alkaline stress on the survival,enzyme activity,and transcriptomic profiling of M.rosenbergii by determining its semi-lethal concentration(LC50)and lowest observed effect concentration(LOEC)of salinity and carbonate alkalinity for its larvae.Additionally,the study examined the effects of saline-alkaline stress on osmoregulation,antioxidant enzyme activities,and transcriptional expression in the gills and hepatopancreas of M.rosenbergii.Results showed that the 96 h-LC50 of salinity for M.rosenbergii larvae was 27.1,with a 96 h-LOEC of 16.5,whereas the 96 h-LC50 of carbonate alkalinity was 230.7 mg/L,with a 96 h-LOEC of 96.6 mg/L.Furthermore,salt-alkali interaction exhibited synergistic effects.Enzyme activity analysis revealed initial decreases followed by increases over time for alkaline phosphatase and Na+-K+-ATPase activities in the gills and hepatopancreas,whereas Ca2+-ATPase activity in the gills exhibited the opposite pattern.Superoxide dismutase activity in the hepatopancreas reached its lowest level during the mid-term stress period(72 h and 120 h),whereas catalase and glutathione S-transferase levels increased.Carbonic anhydrase activity showed an initial decrease followed by increase during the treatment process,with no significant differences observed among different saline-alkaline stress.Transcriptomic analysis revealed distinct responses of the gills and hepatopancreas to saline-alkaline stress.Up-regulated genes associated with extracellular space/region(e.g.tetraspanin),cellular response to xenobiotic stimulus(e.g.fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase),and secondary active transmembrane transporters were observed in the gills under saline-alkaline stress.Genes involved in the extracellular space/region were down-regulated in the hepatopancreas,whereas carbohydrate transmembrane transport related genes(e.g.lipocalin-like protein)were upregulated.These results suggest that M.rosenbergii adapts to saline-alkaline environments through coordinated osmotic regulation strategies,which include increased ion transport in the gills and enhanced carbohydrate transmembrane transport in the hepatopancreas.This study provides scientific evidence for understanding the adaptation mechanisms of M.rosenbergii in saline-alkaline environments.

Macrobrachium rosenbergiisalt-alkaline stressenzyme activitydifferentially expressed genesosmotic regulationion transportsalt alkaline water

章鑫、邹松保、高强、周聃、倪蒙、刘梅、张明磊、采克俊、原居林

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湖州师范学院生命科学学院,浙江湖州 313000

浙江省淡水水产研究所,农业农村部淡水渔业健康养殖重点实验室,浙江省鱼类健康与营养重点实验室,浙江湖州 313001

中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,上海 200090

山东省淡水渔业研究院,山东济南 250013

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罗氏沼虾 盐碱胁迫 酶活性 差异表达基因 渗透压调节 离子转运 盐碱水

国家重点研发计划项目浙江省重大技术协同推广项目浙江省属科研院所专项浙江省属科研院所专项

2023YFD24010052022XTTGSC022024YSZX012024YSZX04

2024

10.12264/JFSC2024-0160

中国水产科学
中国水产科学研究院 中国水产学会

中国水产科学

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子：1.206
ISSN：1005-8737
年,卷(期)：2024.31(8)
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