摘要
为查明黄河三角洲潮间带贝类多样性和群落结构季节性变化特征,分别于2022年8月(夏季)、2022年10月(秋季)、2023年2月(冬季)及2023年5月(春季)大潮汛期间,对黄河三角洲8条固定断面的潮间带底栖贝类资源进行了系统调查.共鉴定出潮间带贝类22种,物种数量、密度、优势种及优势度在不同季节间均存在较大差异.夏季贝类物种数量最多(16种),栖息密度最高(1203.96 ind/m2),优势种有托氏 䗉螺(Umbonium thomasi)、光滑河篮蛤(Potamocorbula laevis)、彩虹明樱蛤(Moerella iridescens)、四角蛤蜊(Mactra quadrangularis)等,其中光滑河蓝蛤在不同季节均为优势种;春季Shannon-Wiener多样性、Margalef丰富度指数和Pielou均匀度指数均高于其他季节;各季节维持断面间非相似性贡献率最高的4种均为光滑河篮蛤、托氏䗉螺、四角蛤蜊和短文蛤(Meretrix petechialis).研究表明,黄河三角洲潮间带底栖贝类资源量在夏季最大,但群落多样性水平在春季最高.该研究结果可为黄河三角洲野生贝类资源的保护和开发利用提供基础资料和理论依据.
Abstract
The Yellow River Delta is a typical representative of a newborn estuarine wetland,and is also an important ecological function area in both the Bohai Sea and the Yellow River Basin. Studying the shellfish community structure in the intertidal zone of the Yellow River Delta is of guiding significance for assessing the ecological status of the Yellow River Delta. In this study,the benthic shellfish resources of eight sampling sections in the intertidal area of the Yellow River Delta were systematically investigated to identify the seasonal variation in shellfish diversity and community structure characteristics in the Yellow River Delta. The investigations were conducted during astronomical tide in four seasons,namely,summer in August 2022,autumn in October 2022,winter in February 2023,and spring in May 2023. Twenty-two shellfish species were identified and the species quantities and densities,the dominant species,and the dominant degree varied greatly among both seasons and sampling sections. Most species (16) and the highest density of 1203.96 ind/m2 were observed in summer. The dominant species were Umbonium thomasi,Potamocorbula laevis,Moevella iridescens,and Mactra quadrangularis,with P. laevis being dominant in all seasons. The Shannon-Wiener diversity,Margalef richness index,and Pielou evenness index values were highest in spring. U. thomasi,P. laevis,Mactra quadrangularis,and Meretrix petechialis were the four species with the largest contributions to inter-community dissimilarity among sampling sections in all four seasons. The results show that the benthic shellfish resource in the intertidal area of the Yellow River Delta was largest in summer,but the community diversity was highest in spring. Our results provide basic data and a theoretical foundation for the protection,development,and utilization of wild shellfish resources in the Yellow River Delta.
维普
万方数据