The"Bao","Chong"and"Zhui"System in Qin and Han Official Documents Transmission:A Focus on Three Documents Issued by the Magistrate Li of Dongting Prefecture in the Liye Qin Bamboo Slips
The system of official documents transmission was an effective guarantee for the ancient dynasties to issue orders and maintain control over political situations.The Qin and Han bamboo slips contain a large number of official documents exchanged between government offices.However,there has been a long-standing debate in the academic community regarding the understanding of the system for replies to official documents,repeated issuance of important documents,and the retrieval of replies.The Liye Qin bamboo slips,J1(16)5,J1(16)6,and 9-2283,all originated from documents issued by the magistrate Li of Dongting prefecture in the 27th year of Qin Shihuang on February 15.These three slips reflected the continuous process of the magistrate Li of Dongting prefecture issuing documents to the commandant of Qianling county for three consecutive days regarding the handling of violations of the transmission of orders.J1(16)6 recorded the transmission of the magistrate Li of Dongting Prefecture's second document from the Qianling county court to the county commandant on March 11.J1(16)5 recorded the inquiry from the Qianling county court to the county commandant on March 13 about the receipt of the magistrate Li of Dongting prefecture's first document.9-2283 recorded the transmission from the Qianling county court to the county commandant on March 16 of the magistrate Li of Dongting prefecture's third document,along with a reply confirming the receipt of the magistrate Li of Dongting prefecture's document from Youyang county."Bao"indicates the act of responding,"Chong"signifies the repeated sending of documents on the same matter,and"Zhui"indicates the reissuance of documents in order to retrieve a response.
official documents transmissionLiye Qin bamboo SlipsBaoChongZhui
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