Since the Songhua River water pollution incident in 2005,China's environmental emergency management has progressed through three stages:a rapid development phase after the incident,a phase of system improvement,and a period of deepening and enhancement.Currently,China has established an environmental emergency management system suited to national conditions,characterized by a"one plan,three systems"approach.The number and impact of environmental incidents have significantly decreased,and the capability to respond to such events has effectively improved.However,severe challenges remain,with issues and shortcomings in management institutions,regulations,and methods.Looking towards the new development stage,China's environmental emergency management should aim to fundamentally change the frequent occurrence of sudden environmental incidents and comprehensively control environmental risks.This includes planning the emergency management system structure,improving the legal mechanisms and contingency plans,enhancing technological empowerment and promoting diversified governance,and establishing an environmental emergency system with Chinese characteristics that aligns with modernization goals.
environmental emergency managementenvironmental emergency incidentsevolution processpaths for improvement
NETL
NSTL
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