摘要
文章旨在研究青贮玉米对肉牛生长性能、养分消化率及饲养经济效益的影响.试验将 72 头日龄相近,初始体重为(426.52±31.50)kg的西门塔尔公牛随机分为 4 组,每组 6 个重复,每个重复 3 头.各组肉牛饲喂相同精料,粗饲料分别采用 100%干草、66.67%干草+33.33%青贮玉米、33.33%干草+66.67%青贮玉米、100%青贮玉米饲喂,预试期 7 d,正试期 90 d.结果显示:(1)与 100%干草组相比,33.33%干草+66.67%青贮玉米组肉牛末重、平均日增重、平均日采食量显著提高 4.15%、30.23%、21.15%(P＜0.05),料重比显著降低 7.01%(P＜0.05).(2)与 100%干草组相比,33.33%干草+66.67%青贮玉米组干物质、粗蛋白质消化率显著提高(P＜0.05),33.33%干草+66.67%青贮玉米组、100%青贮玉米组酸性洗涤纤维、钙消化率显著提高(P＜0.05).(3)4 组的饲养经济效益分别为 1279.85、1454.69、1708.80、1456.58 元/只,其中 33.33%干草+66.67%青贮玉米组的饲养经济效益最高.结论:适当水平的青贮玉米能提高肉牛生长性能、养分消化率及饲养经济效益.在本试验条件下,粗饲料的最佳组合为33.33%干草+66.67%青贮玉米.
Abstract
This experiment aims to investigate the effects of silage corn on the growth performance,nutrient digestibility,and feeding economic benefits of beef cattle.72 Simmental bulls of similar age with an initial weight of 426.52±31.50kg were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups,with 6 replicates in each group and 3 bulls in each replicate.Each group of beef cattle was fed with the same concentrate,and the roughage was fed with 100%hay,66.67%hay+33.33%silage corn,33.33%hay+66.67%silage corn,and 100%silage corn,respectively.The pre trial period was 7 days,and the main trial period was 90 days.The results showed that compared with the 100%hay group,the 33.33%hay+66.67%silage corn group significantly increased the final weight,average daily weight gain,and average daily feed intake of beef cattle by 4.15%,30.23%,and 21.15%(P＜0.05),and the feed to weight ratio significantly decreased by 7.01%(P＜0.05).2)Compared with the 100%hay group,the 33.33%hay+66.67%silage corn group significantly increased the digestibility of dry matter and crude protein(P＜0.05),while the 33.33%hay+66.67%silage corn group and 100%silage corn group significantly increased the digestibility of acid washed fiber and calcium(P＜0.05).3)The feeding economic benefits of the four groups were 1279.85 yuan/animal,1454.69 yuan/animal,1708.80 yuan/animal,and 1456.58 yuan/animal,respectively.Among them,the feeding economic benefits of the 33.33%hay+66.67%silage corn group were the highest.Conclusion:Appropriate levels of silage corn can improve the growth performance,nutrient digestibility,and feeding economic benefits of beef cattle.The optimal combination of roughage is 33.33%hay+66.67%silage corn.
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