Effect of astaxanthin and β-carotene on growth,body color,antioxidant capacity and immune indexes of largemouth bass(Micropterus salmoides)
The experiment was conducted to study the effect of β-carotene and astaxanthin on growth performance,body composition,body color,antioxidant enzyme activity in serum,liver and intestine,and immune indexes of Micropterus salmoides.A total of 450 healthy M.salmoides with similar body weight[(5.00±0.02)g]were randomly divided into 5 groups,with 3 replicates in each group and 30 fish in each replicate.The basal diet was supplemented with 0(F1),50 mg/kg astaxanthin(F2),100 mg/kg astaxanthin(F3),50 mg/kg β-carotene(F4)and 100 mg/kg β-carotene(F5).The feeding trial lasted 56 days.The results showed that the weight gain rate(WG),specific growth rate(SGR)and final average weight(FW)of the F2,F3,F4 and F5 groups were higher than those of the control group,and the WG,SGR and FW of the F5 group were increased by 10.11％,4.39％and 8.11％compared to the control group,while condition factor(CF),feeding rate(FR),feed conversion ratio(FCR),visceral somatic indices(VSI)and hepatopancreas somatic indices(HSI)were lower than those of the control group,with FR and FCR decreased by 6.44％and 9.47％in the F5 group compared to the control group;Add astaxanthin and β-carotene significantly increased the b*value of M.salmoides,with the F3 and F4 groups showing a 334.63％and 79.51％increase in b*value compared to the control group,respectively.There was no significant effect on L*and a*values;50 mg/kg ofβ-carotene and astaxanthin increased the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-PX)in serum,and 100 mg/kg of β-carotene and astaxanthin could significantly increase SOD and GSH-PX activity in the liver.50 mg/kg astaxanthin and 100 mg/kg β-carotene also significantly increased the activity of SOD and GSH-PX in the intestine.It showed that β-carotene and astaxanthin exhibit different antioxidant abilities in different parts of the body.The addition of 100 mg/kg of astaxanthin and β-carotene significantly increased the serum IgM content by 22.71％and 14.50％compared with the control group and improved the autoimmune function of M.salmoides.In conclusion,the results indicated that the supplementation of β-carotene and astaxanthin improved the growth performance,body color,antioxidant ability and immune function of M.salmoides.
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