为探究适宜于阿旗地区种植的燕麦与苜蓿最佳混播比例,以单播苜蓿(CK)为对照,研究了 5、6、7 kg(YM5、YM6、YM7)燕麦亩播量与苜蓿保护播种对苜蓿当年生产性能及根系特征的影响.结果表明:在第二茬牧草中,CK株高显著高于其他处理组(P＜0.05),CK干草产量显著高于YM6(P＜0.05),YM7粗蛋白质含量显著高于CK(P＜0.05),YM7中性洗涤纤维显著低于CK(P＜0.05),YM5酸性洗涤纤维显著低于CK(P＜0.05),YM7相对饲喂价值显著高于CK(P＜0.05).不同处理下越冬前YM5苜蓿主根长最长,YM7第一侧根位置最深,CK主根直径、根颈直径与0～10 cm侧根数量最大.除YM7处理下10～20 cm与＞20 cm 土层之间地下生物量无显著差异外(P＞0.05),其余同一处理不同土层之间均存在显著差异(P＜0.05).不同处理下0～10 cm 土层地下生物量最大的为CK,10～20cm、＞20cm 土层地下生物量最大的均为YM5.综合评价表明,保护播种可有效提高苜蓿生产性能,改善苜蓿根系特征,从第二茬苜蓿生产性能来看,保护播种组合以YM7最佳;从苜蓿根系特征来看,保护播种组合以燕麦YM5最佳,因此,为考虑新播苜蓿高效返青与可持续利用,最适宜于阿旗地区推广种植的组合为YM5.
Effects of protective sowing on current year production performance and root characteristics of alfalfa
In order to explore the best mixed sowing ratio of oat and alfalfa suitable for planting in Ar Horqin Banner,using unicast alfalfa(CK)as control studied the effects of three different sowing rates of oat of 5,6,7 kg per mu(YM5,YM6,YM7)and protective sowing of alfalfa on the performance and root characteristics of alfalfa in the current year.The results showed that in the second crop herbage,plant height of CK was significantly higher than that of other groups(P＜0.05),hay yield of CK was significantly higher than that of YM6(P＜0.05),crude protein content of YM7 was significantly higher than that of CK(P＜0.05),neutral detergent fiber of YM7 was significantly lower than that of CK(P＜0.05),acid detergent fiber of YM5 was significantly lower than that of CK(P＜0.05),and the relative feeding value of YM7 was significantly higher than that of CK(P＜0.05).Under different treatments,before overwintering,YM5 had the longest taproot length,YM7 had the deepest first lateral root position,and CK had the largest main root diameter,root neck diameter and the number of 0～10 cm lateral roots.There were significant differences among different soil layers in the same treatment(P＜0.05),except that there was no significant difference between the soil layers of 10～20 cm and＞20 cm under YM7 treatment(P＞0.05).Under different treatments,CK had the largest underground biomass in 0～10 cm soil layer,and YM5 had the largest underground biomass in 10～20 cm soil layer and＞20 cm soil layer.The comprehensive evaluation showed that protective seeding could effectively improve the performance of alfalfa and improve the root characteristics of alfalfa.From the production performance of the second crop alfalfa,YM7 was the best protective seeding combination.From the root characteristics of alfalfa,oat YM5 was the best protective seeding combination.Therefore,in order to consider the efficient greening and sustainable utilization of newly sown alfalfa,YM5 was the most suitable combination for spreading planting in Ar Horqin Banner.
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