Ergothioneine(EGT)is a natural small molecule histidine thiourea derivative which exists in microbial cells,animals and plants.EGT can be synthesized by microorganisms such as fungi,cyanobacteria,and actinomycetes.The human body cannot synthesize EGT itself,and must obtain it through dietary intake.Edible fungi are one of the important dietary sources of EGT.EGT exhibits various biological functions such as anti-oxidation,anti-inflammation and immune regulation,and is widely used in the fields of food,drugs and cosmetics.This paper reviews the biological functions,preparation methods and applications of EGT.
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