CRISPR/Cas9高通量筛选技术与肿瘤治疗
Application of CRISPR/Cas9 High-throughput Screening Technology for Identifying New Target in Tumor Therapy
刘海玲 1王旭俊 2李旦3
作者信息
- 1. 同济大学生命科学与技术学院生物信息系,上海200092;同济大学附属上海市肺科医院临床医学转化中心,上海200433
- 2. 同济大学生命科学与技术学院生物信息系,上海200092
- 3. 同济大学附属上海市肺科医院临床医学转化中心,上海200433
- 折叠
摘要
成簇规律间隔短回文重复(CRISPR),是细菌或古菌在与噬菌体长期生存进化获得的一种免疫系统.根据Cas蛋白(CRISPR-associated protein)的不同,CRISPR系统可分为3种.其中Ⅱ型CRISPR/Cas9已被改造成为一种有效的基因编辑工具,并运用于多种物种基因的改造.作为1种基因编辑的手段,CRISPR/Cas9技术通过诱导DNA双链断裂损伤,进一步干扰基因的表达.与传统的基因编辑技术相比,CRISPR/Cas9技术显示出效率高、成本低和易操作等特点.与此同时,二代测序技术的发展促进全基因组的解析.CRISPR技术结合高通量二代测序手段的使用,在肿瘤的治疗领域中已发挥出了独特的优势.本文就近年来CRISPR/Cas9高通量筛选技术的发展,及其在肿瘤治疗过程中的应用进行综述.
Abstract
Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) is an acquired immunity system during the defensive processes of bacteria or archaea against bacteriophage.Basing on the difference about Cas proteins (CRISPR-associated protein),CRISPR system could be divided into three different types.Type Ⅱ CRISPR system-CRISPR/Cas9 has been modified to disturb gene function in various species.As a new gene editing tool,CRISPR/Cas9 technique could be employed to interrupt the expression of gene via triggering DNA double strand break (DSB).Compared with traditional gene modifying technologies,for example,RNA interference (RNAi),TALEN (transcription activator-like effector nucleases),and ZFN (zinc finger nuclease),CIRSPR/Cas9 system is possessed of some advantages such as high-efficiency,low-cost,and easy-operation.Additionally,rapid development of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology accelerates whole genome analysis.Therefore,CRISPR system combined with high-throughput NGS technology has displayed a unique advantage in tumor therapy.Hitherto there are three kinds of high-throughput tools based on CRISPR techniques,including CRISPR,CRISPR activation (CRISPRa),and CRISPR interference (CRISPRi).Here,we briefly summarized these three high-throughput screen strategies and discussed the related applications during different processes of cancer.
关键词
成簇规律间隔短回文重复/高通量筛选/肿瘤/靶点Key words
clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/high-throughput screen/tumor/target引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家自然科学基金(31329003)
国家自然科学基金(81402331)
出版年
2016
NETL
NSTL
维普
万方数据