Component Analyses of Tussilago farfara in Different Development Stages by Metabonomic and Comparative Transcriptomic Approaches
To investigate the types and accumulation of secondary metabolites,nuclear magnetic resonance based metabolic fingerprinting approach was used to analyze the flower bud (FL) of Tussilago farfara L.collected at different developmental stages:early stage,middle stage,later stage,jiefeng stage and flower stage.In addition,in order to search for genes related to the synthesis of secondary metabolites from differentially expressed genes,the global transcriptome of five different developing stages of FL were sequenced with high-throughput sequencing technology platform.The results of metabolism analysis showed that the metabolic composition of secondary metabolites in different developmental stages were significantly different.The contents of phenylpropanoid were higher in the early stage of development,and then decreased gradually.The contents of flavonoids (rutin and kaempferol) were fluctuating in different periods,but their contents showed no significant difference among the five development stages.The results of the transcriptomics showed that the COMT and HCT were closely related to synthesis of phenyl-propanoids,and the expression of these genes decreased with the development of FL.The genes of the FLS,F3H and DFR were related to the synthesis of flavonoids,and their expression levels had not changed much during the different developmental stages.The results of the transcriptomics were in agreement with the change of the chemical components revealed by the results of metabolism.In this study we explored the accumulation of secondary metabolites of FL from metabolic level and transcriptional level,and established the theoretical basis in biosynthesis regulation of secondary metabolites for FL.