The Role of GPX4 in Gastrointestinal Tumors and Targeted Therapies
The incidence of gastrointestinal tumors has been increasing year by year,and their mortality rate ranks very high among all cancers in our country,posing a serious threat to the national health.Only through early prevention and effective treatment can we reduce the burden of cancer.Ferroptosis,an iron-dependent programmed cell death,differs from other types of cell death such as apoptosis,necroptosis and autophagy.In recent years,the increasing drug resistance of tumors has sparked interest in inducing tumors to ferroptosis,as one of the inherent physiological functions of ferroptosis is tumor suppression.Ferroptosis is regulated by a balance between the oxidative system and the antioxidant system,and glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4)is one of the core factors in the antioxidant system.Abnormal expression of GPX4 has been observed in various malignant tumors and is associated with unfavorable behaviors of tumors.In gastrointestinal tumors,GPX4 exhibits abnormal expression and participates in tumor development,therapy,and drug resistance.As a target for many molecules in gastrointestinal tumors,such as small molecules,miRNAs,and nanoreactors,GPX4 is regulated at multiple levels and involved in the regulation of complex signaling pathways.Targeting GPX4 holds a promise as a new approach for the treatment of gastrointestinal tumors.This article provides a comprehensive review of the domestic and international research progress on GPX4 in gastrointestinal tumors,elucidating its molecular mechanisms and current progress in drug research,offering new insights for the study and prevention of gastrointestinal tumors.
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