Role of Histone Modifications in the Congenital Heart Disease
Congenital heart disease(CHD)refers to congenital structural abnormalities of the heart,including de-fects in the myocardial wall,valves,and major blood vessels.While genetic factors such as mutations and aberrant gene expression during embryogenesis contribute to CHD,they only account for part of cases.There are more and more studies on epigenetic histone modifications in CHD,suggesting that they are increasingly important in the pathogenesis of CHD.With the development of mass spectrometry-based proteomics technology,a spectrum of novel histone post-translational modifications,such as succinylation,glycosylation,lactylation,and β-hydroxybutyryla-tion,have been uncovered to contribute to various diseases.However,it remains unclear how these novel modifica-tions regulate gene expression and pathological processes during the development and progression of CHD.This arti-cle will delve into the mechanisms of various histone modifications that regulate genes associated with cardiac devel-opment.It will approach the topic from both the perspective of classic histone modifications and novel histone modi-fications,aiming to unveil the significance of histone-driven epigenetic mechanisms in the etiology of CHD.Fur-thermore,it seeks to offer insights into the etiology of CHD,providing a theoretical basis for clinical treatment and timely prevention of this condition.
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