摘要
目的:评估常见水果的营养充足率与营养素密度,为消费者在选择水果时提供科学依据.方法:选取12种常见水果,即奇异果(黄心和绿心)、橙子、草莓、芒果、柠檬、柑橘、香蕉、葡萄、西瓜、梨和苹果,分析检测其代表性的16种营养素的含量,包括蛋白质、总膳食纤维、维生素A、维生素B1、维生素B2、烟酸、泛酸、维生素B6、叶酸、维生素B12、维生素C、维生素D3、维生素E、钙、铁及镁等,据此计算营养充足率评分(nutrient adequacy score,NAS)及营养素密度评分(nutrient density score,NDS),以衡量水果的营养价值.结果:NAS较高的有奇异果(黄心)、草莓、奇异果(绿心)和柠檬,分别为14.62、12.67、11.80、10.09;草莓、柠檬、奇异果(黄心)和奇异果(绿心)的NDS也较高,分别为39.61、27.28、23.98、20.70.维生素C和膳食纤维在奇异果中含量丰富,而柠檬和橙子是膳食纤维的良好来源.铁的含量高出现在草莓中,钙和镁的含量高出现在柠檬中.结论:奇异果(黄心)、草莓、奇异果(绿心)、柠檬和橙子均属于营养充足率和营养素密度较高的水果.
Abstract
[Objective]To evaluate the nutrient adequacy and nutrient density of commonly consumed fruits,a scientific basis for consumers'fruit selection was provided.[Method]Totally 12 common fruits were selected,including kiwifruit(yellow fleshed and green fleshed),oranges,strawberries,mangoes,lemons,mandarins,bananas,grapes,watermelons,pears,and apples.The content of 16 representative nutrients was analyzed and tested,including protein,total dietary fiber,vitamin A,vitamin B1,vitamin B2,niacin,pantothenic acid,vitamin B6,folate,vitamin B12,vitamin C,vitamin D3,vitamin E,calcium,iron,and magnesium.Subsequently,the NAS and NDS were calculated to measure the nutritional value of the fruits.[Result]The fruits with higher NAS were yellow-fleshed kiwifruit(14.62),strawberries(12.67),green-fleshed kiwifruit(11.80),and lemons(10.09).The NDS was also higher for strawber-ries(39.61),lemons(27.28),yellow-fleshed kiwifruit(23.98),and green-fleshed kiwifruit(20.70).Vitamin C and dietary fiber were found in abundance in kiwifruit,while lemons and oranges were good sources of dietary fiber.Iron content was notably high in strawberries,and lemons contained high levels of calcium and magnesium.[Conclusion]Yellow-fleshed kiwifruit,strawberries,green-fleshed kiwifruit,lemons,and oranges are fruits with relatively high nutrient adequacy and nutrient density.
基金项目
中国农业科学院农业科技创新工程(110242210001018)
维普
万方数据