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孕期补充叶酸对血糖稳定及妊娠期糖尿病的影响

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目的:探讨江苏省苏北人民医院孕妇孕期补充叶酸对血糖稳定及妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)的影响.方法:选取2021年5月—2023年3月在江苏省苏北人民医院分娩的胎龄≥28w的孕妇作为研究对象,根据孕妇补充叶酸的情况,分为未补充叶酸和补充叶酸组,根据孕妇血糖情况,分为GDM组和正常组.采用问卷调查法收集孕妇的基本情况、生活方式及孕期特征,同时通过检查收集生化指标,统计分析GDM发生的影响因素,评估补充叶酸对血糖稳定的影响和GDM相关性.结果:本研究共纳入213例孕妇,GDM发病率为10.33%(22/213).GDM组孕妇和正常组的年龄、文化程度、是否吸烟(含被动吸烟)、是否饮酒、以及产次差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).与孕期未补充叶酸组相比,补充叶酸组孕妇的GDM检出率更低(P<0.05).同时,孕期补充叶酸能显著降低血糖水平和提高血糖稳定性(P<0.05).结论:孕期补充叶酸能降低血糖水平和提供血糖稳定性,以及降低GDM发生的风险.
Effects of Folic Acid Supplementation During Pregnancy on Blood Glucose Stability and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
[Objective]To investigate the effects of folic acid supplementation during pregnancy on blood glucose stability and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).[Method]Pregnant women with gestational age ≥28 weeks who gave birth in Subei People's Hospital from May 2021 to March 2023 were selected as the study objects. According to their folic acid supplementation,they were divided into two groups:no folic acid supplement group and folic acid supplement group;according to their blood glucose,they were divided into GDM group and normal group. The basic information,lifestyle and pregnancy characteristics of pregnant women were collected by questionnaire survey. The influencing factors of GDM were statistically analyzed by checking and collecting biochemical indicators,and the influence of folic acid supplementation on blood glucose stability and the correlation of GDM were evaluated.[Result]A total of 213 pregnant women were included in this study,and the incidence of GDM was 10.33% (22/213). There were significant differences between GDM group and normal group in age,education level,smoking (including passive smoking),drinking,and delivery time (P<0.05). Compared with the group without folic acid supplementation during pregnancy,the detection rate of GDM in the folic acid supplementation group was lower (P<0.05). Furthermore,folic acid supplementation during pregnancy could significantly reduce blood glucose level and improve blood glucose stability (P<0.05).[Conclusion]Folic acid supplementation during pregnancy can reduce blood glucose level and provide blood glucose stability,and reduce the risk of GDM.

pregnancyfolic acidblood sugargestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)

郑梅君、张艳馨、朱春云

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江苏省苏北人民医院产科,江苏扬州 225001

孕期 叶酸 血糖 妊娠期糖尿病

2024

中国食物与营养
中国农业科学院 国家食物与营养咨询委员会

中国食物与营养

CSTPCD
影响因子:0.754
ISSN:1006-9577
年,卷(期):2024.30(11)