Epidemiology and molecular characteristics analysis of Coxsackievirus A6 in Changchun area from 2019 to 2022
Objective To analyse the prevalence of Coxsackievirus A6(CV-A6)causing hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD)and the genetic characteristics of its VP1 region in Changchun area from 2019 to 2022,explore its epidemic regu-larity,and provide a reference for optimizing the prevention and control strategies.Methods A total of 878 samples of clini-cally diagnosed HFMD cases in Changchun from 2019 to 2022 were collected,and real-time RT-PCR was used for entero-virus(EV)nucleic acid detection.The VP1 gene region of CV-A6-positive samples were amplified by RT-PCR and sequenced.A phylogenetic tree was then constructed using MEGA 11,and DNAstarV8.1.3 software was used to analyze the nucleotide homology and amino acid mutations.Results Among the 878 HFMD samples,588 EV positive were detected,with the total detection rate of 66.97％(588/878);245 CV-A6 positive were detected,with the CV-A6 detection rate of 41.67％(245/588).The VP1 gene was successfully amplified and sequenced from 125 CV-A6 positive samples.Phyloge-netic analysis showed that all 125 CV-A6 strains detected in Changchun from 2019 to 2022 belonged to the D3a genotype.The nucleotide sequence homology among the 125 CV-A6 strains was 88.1％to 100％,and the homology with the prototype strain(Gdula)was 81.2％to 84.3％.There were 36 site mutations in the amino acid sequence of VP 1 region.Conclusion The dominant pathogen causing HFMD in Changchun from 2019 to 2022 was CV-A6,which was also the mainstream gene subtype D3a in the mainland of China.However,multiple transmission chains are circulating and evolving together,suggesting that the surveillance for CV-A6 should be further strengthened.
Hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD)Coxsackievirus A6(CV-A6)VP1 geneGenotypeMolecular epidemi-ology
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