Serological characteristics and molecular mechanisms of occult hepatitis B virus infection in blood donors
Objective To analyze the serological characteristics of occult hepatitis B virus infection (OBI)in blood donors,and to explore the molecular mechanism of HBV S gene mutation in the immune escape of hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg). Methods From January 2021 to December 2022,a total of 175583 blood donors were recruited for ELISA/NAT testing. Subsequently,HBV serological marker testing was conducted to confirm the presence of OBI. The HBV S region was amplified using nested PCR and subjected to sequencing analysis. Comparative study was per-formed using MEGA 7.0 software. Results A total of 82 OBI samples were detected,with a detection rate of 0. 046％ (82/175583). There was no statistically significant difference in the OBI detection rate among blood donors of different genders (P>0.05). The highest OBI detection rate among blood donors was observed in the age group of 45-54 years,ac-counting for 39.02％. HBcAb exhibited the highest positive rate at 52.44％. Sequencing analysis of HBV DNA in 12 OBI samples revealed that two cases had genotype B and 10 cases had genotype C. Nested PCR targeting the HBV S region iden-tified amino acid mutations such as T47K,I126S and P127H in all 12 samples. Conclusion The implementation of NAT can effectively mitigate or even eliminate the risk of blood transfusion-associated OBI. The presence of high-frequency amino acid mutations,specifically T47K and Q101R,in the C genotype of OBI blood donors may lead to immune evasion,resulting in a negative HBsAg test.
occult hepatitis B virus infection(OBI)blood donorshepatitis B virusS region genegene mutation
万方数据
维普
