Changes in glycolipid metabolism,oxidative stress,and myogenic differentiation levels of skeletal muscle satellite cells in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with exercise combined with probiotics
Objective To observe the effects of exercise combined with probiotic intervention on glycolipid metabolism,oxidative stress,and skeletal muscle satellite cell expression in type 2 diabetic rats.Methods From 60 8-week-old SPF-grade SD male rats,10 rats were randomly selected as the normal control group(NC),and the rest were injected intraperitoneally with streptozotocin,establishing a rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus.The diabetic rats were randomly divided into model(TN),exercise+diabetes(YTN),probiotic+diabetes(GTN),and exercise+probiotics+diabetes(YGTN)groups.The exercise groups were subjected to 6 weeks of incremental load aerobic treadmill exercise(speed of 15 m/min for 30 min in week 1,15 m/min for 60 min in week 2,and 19.3 m/min for 60 min in weeks 3～6,with continuous training until week 6,5 days/week).The GTN and YGTN groups were administered 10.0 mL/(kg·d)of Lactibiane Iki probiotic solution(concentration of 107 CFU/mL)one hour before training.Glycolipid metabolism indexes,oxidative stress indexes,and expression of skeletal muscle satellite cell proteins were measured in rats.Results(1)The levels of fasting plasma glucose(FBG),fasting serum insulin(FINS),hemoglobin Alc(HBA1C)and(homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance index(HOMA-1R)were higher in the TN,YTN,GTN,and YGTN groups than in the NC group(P＜0.01).The levels of FBG in the YGTN group were lower than those in the TN,YTN,GTN,and YGTN groups(P＜0.05).Serum FINS levels in YTN,GTN and YGTN groups were all decreased compared with those in the TN group(P＜0.01).Serum HBA1C levels were lower in the YGTN group than the TN,YTN,and GTN groups(P＜0.01).The HOMA-IR indices of rats in the YGTN group decreased more significantly compared with those in the TN,YTN,and GTN groups(P＜0.01).The result showed that FBG,FINS,HBA1C,and HOMA-IR decreased more significantly in rats in the aerobic exercise combined with probiotic intervention group than the other intervention groups.(2)Serum total cholesterol(T-CHO),triglyceride(TG),low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL)and free fatty acid(FFA)levels in the TN group were higher than those in the NC group(P＜0.05),and those of the YGTN group were lower than those of the TN group(P＜0.05)and basically restored to the level of the NC group.Serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL)levels were lower in the TN group than the NC group(P＜0.05),Serum HDL levels of rats in TN group were lower than those of the NC group(P＜0.05),and those in the YGTN group were higher than those of TN group(P＜0.05),which were basically restored to the level of NC group.The result showed that aerobic exercise combined with probiotic intervention reduced serum T-CHO,TG,LDL,FFA levels and increased HDL levels more significantly than other interventions in diabetic rats.(3)Serum malondialdehyde(MDA)and 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α(8-isoPGF2α)levels of rats in the TN group were higher than those in the NC group(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),and those of rats in the YGTN group were lower than those in the TN group(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Serum catalase(CAT),superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)and total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)in the TN group were lower than those in the NC group(P＜0.01),and those of rats in the YGTN group were higher than those of the NC group(P＜0.01)and were basically restored to the levels of NC group.(4)The protein expression levels of paired box gene 7(Pax7),myogenic determination gene(MyoD),myogenin(MyoG)and myogenic factor 5(Myf5)in the skeletal muscle of rats in the TN group were lower than those in the NC group(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),and these levels were higher in the YGTN group than the TN group(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01);basically,the levels were restored to those of the NC group.In the TN group,myostatin(MSTN)protein expression was higher in the TN group than the NC group(P＜0.05),and that in the YGTN group was lower than that in the TN group(P＜0.05)and basically restored to the level of the NC group.Conclusions The result showed that probiotics and aerobic exercise had a synergistic effect in improving blood glucose and insulin levels,attenuating insulin resistance,improving lipids and oxidative radicals,and preventing the phenomenon of disturbed glucose metabolism,thus achieving dynamic equilibrium regulation in type 2 diabetic rats.Aerobic exercise combined with probiotics also promoted myoblast differentiation,which played a role in preventing T2DM-induced loss of muscle mass and strength as well as muscle tissue complications.
万方数据
维普
