首页|基因编辑技术在免疫缺陷动物模型研究中的应用进展

基因编辑技术在免疫缺陷动物模型研究中的应用进展

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免疫缺陷动物模型在临床前研究中发挥重要作用,是现代生物医学研究领域的重要实验工具,广泛应用于免疫学、遗传学、肿瘤学与微生物学等研究领域.基因编辑是针对生物体基因组进行靶向修饰的技术,从出现到应用,极大推动了生物医学研究领域的发展.基因编辑技术主要包括HEs、ZFNs、TALENs与CRISPR/Cas9系统.目前,研究者已利用该技术建立了多种类型的免疫缺陷动物模型,各有其优势和局限性.近年来,大量研究证实人源化免疫缺陷动物模型能够精准模拟癌细胞、药物以及免疫系统在人体内的作用,可以更好地模拟人类疾病,广泛用于研究人类免疫生物学及人类复杂疾病的潜在机制.本文对利用基因编辑技术构建免疫缺陷动物模型的研究应用进展进行综述,对基因编辑技术在免疫缺陷动物模型制备中存在的问题及优化策略深入探讨,并对其未来发展前景进行了展望,以期为研究者选用和建立免疫缺陷动物模型提供参考.
Progress on the use of gene editing technologies in the research of immunodeficient animal models
Immunodeficient animal models play an important role in preclinical research and are important experimental tools in modern biomedical research that are widely used in immunology,genetics,oncology,microbiology,and other research fields.Gene editing is a technology for targeted modification of biological genomes.From emergence to application,it has greatly promoted the development of biomedical research.Gene editing technology mainly includes homing endonucleases,zinc finger nucleases,transcription activator-like effector nucleases,and the CRISPR/Cas9 system.Researchers have used these technologies to establish various types of immunodeficient animal models,each with advantages and limitations.In recent years,a large number of studies have confirmed that the human immunodeficient animal model accurately simulates the functions of cancer cells,drugs,and the human immune system,better simulates human diseases,and is widely used to study human immunobiology and the potential mechanisms of complex diseases.In this article,we review the progress in the research and application of gene editing technology to the establishment of immunodeficient animal models,discuss in depth the problems and optimization strategies of gene editing technology in the preparation of immunodeficient animal models,and present its future development prospects to provide references for researchers to select and establish immunodeficient animal models.

immunodeficient animal modelsgene editing technologyzinc finger nucleasestranscription activator-like effector nucleasesCRISPR/Cas9

马云辉、王晓堂、高继萍、宋国华

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山西医科大学实验动物中心,实验动物与人类疾病动物模型山西省重点实验室,太原 030001

免疫缺陷动物模型 基因编辑技术 锌指核酸酶 转录激活因子样效应核酸酶 CRISPR/Cas9

国家自然科学基金山西省中央引导地方科技发展资金项目山西省回国留学人员科研项目山西省科技创新人才团队项目山西省自然科学基金

31970513YDZJSX2022A0602021-08620220405100203220210302124093

2024

10.3969/j.issn.1671-7856.2024.05.015

中国比较医学杂志
中国实验动物学会，中国医学科学院医学实验动物研究所

中国比较医学杂志

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子：0.473
ISSN：1671-7856
年,卷(期)：2024.34(5)