摘要
神经系统疾病又称为神经病变,其包含范围比较广泛,主要有阿尔茨海默病(AD)、帕金森病(PD)、亨廷顿病等神经退行性疾病,还有抑郁症、蛛网膜下腔出血、脑缺血再灌注损伤、血管性痴呆等其他神经系统疾病.这些疾病严重威胁着患者的健康和生活,并给社会和家庭带来了沉重的负担.神经系统疾病的发病机制非常复杂,主要包括神经炎症、氧化应激、细胞凋亡、内质网应激、线粒体功能障碍、脑源性神经营养因子缺乏、胆碱能活性降低、轴突损伤和脱髓鞘等机制.近年来,神经系统疾病的发病率和致死率逐年升高,目前西医治疗常以对症为主,且存在嗜睡、过度镇静、头晕头痛、心动过速、肝功能损害、代谢紊乱等诸多不良反应及术后不能完全治愈等问题.丹参作为一种传统中药,具有活血祛瘀、凉血清心、养血安神等功效,可以通过多靶点、多通路、多途径发挥对神经系统疾病的治疗和保护作用.研究发现丹参含有的水溶性酚酸类化合物和脂溶性二萜醌类化合物可以作为治疗神经系统疾病的主要物质基础.该文总结了近10年丹参活性成分及复方在神经系统疾病中的作用,以期为丹参活性成分及复方在神经系统疾病中的开发和应用提供理论基础和研究思路.
Abstract
Nervous system diseases,also known as neuropathies,encompass a wide range of conditions,primarily including Alzheimer's disease(AD),Parkinson's disease(PD),Huntington's disease,and other neurodegenerative disorders,as well as depression,subarachnoid hemorrhage,cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury,vascular dementia,and other neurological diseases.These diseases pose serious threats to the health and lives of patients,bringing heavy burdens to society and families.The pathogenesis of nervous system diseases is highly complex,involving mechanisms such as neuroinflammation,oxidative stress,apoptosis,endoplasmic reticulum stress,mitochondrial dysfunction,brain-derived neurotrophic factor deficiency,reduced cholinergic activity,axonal injury,and demyelination.In recent years,the incidence and mortality of nervous system diseases have been rising annually.Currently,western medicine primarily focuses on symptomatic treatment,often accompanied by many adverse reactions,including lethargy,excessive sedation,dizziness,headaches,tachycardia,liver function damage,metabolic disorders,and incomplete recovery after surgery.As a traditional Chinese medicine,Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma has effects such as promoting blood circulation,removing blood stasis,cooling the blood,clearing the heart,nourishing the blood,and calming the nerves.It can play a role in the treatment and protection against nervous system diseases through multiple targets,pathways,and mechanisms.Studies have found that the water-soluble phenolic acids and fat-soluble diterpenoid quinones in Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma are the main active ingredients for the treatment of nervous system diseases.This paper summarized the effects of the active components and compounds of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma on nervous system diseases over the past ten years,aiming to provide a theoretical basis and research ideas for the development and application of active components and compounds of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma in nervous system diseases.
国家科技期刊平台
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