为了明确青藏高原地区牦牛感染沙门菌(SE)情况，该研究采用ELISA双抗体夹心法，对2012-2021年采集自西藏、青海、甘肃、四川1725份牦牛血清样品进行SE抗体检测。结果显示:1725份牦牛血清中检测出SE抗体总阳性率为23。54％(406/1725)，西藏地区牦牛SE阳性率与其他地区相比较高;2012-2021年青藏高原地区牦牛血清SE抗体年阳性率分别为7。35％、46。02％、15。31％、17。68％、8。79％、19。84％、6。04％、23。64％、14。81％、74。64％;牦牛在不同海拔感染SE的阳性率分别为 13。67％(2900～3400 m)、14。61％(3400～3900 m)、28。62％(3900～400 m)、34。72％(4400 m 以上);不同性别牦牛感染 SE 平均阳性率分别为公(25。61％)、母(21。99％);4省牦牛感染SE阳性率分别为西藏(27。67％)、青海(13。50％)、甘肃(13。33％)、四川(1。89％)。本研究结果可为了解青藏高原牦牛SE病的流行病学情况，提供参考。
Epidemiological Investigation of Salmonella enteritis Infection from 2012 to 2021 in Yaks in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
In order to understand the infection status of Salmonella enteritidis(SE)in yaks from Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,1725 serum samples collected from 2012 to 2021 from Tibet,Qinghai,Gansu and Sichuan were tested for SE antibodies by ELISA double antibody sandwich method.The results showed that total positive rate of SE antibodies in tested yak sera reached 23.54％(406/1725)and the positive rate of SE antibodies in Tibet yaks was higher than that in other areas.The annual positive rates of SE antibodies in yak sera of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau were 7.35％,46.02％,15.31％,17.68％,8.79％,19.84％,6.04％,23.64％,14.81％and 74.64％from 2012 to 2021,respectively.The positive rate of SE infection in yaks at different altitudes were 13.67％(2900-3400 m),14.61％(3400～3900 m),28.62％(3900-4400 m)and 34.72％(over 4400 m),respectively.In addition,the average positive rates of SE infection were 25.61％in male yaks and 21.99％in female yaks.The positive rates of SE infection in yaks were 27.67％in Tibet(13.50％in Qinghai,13.33％in Gansu and 1.89％in Sichuan.These results provided a reference for understanding the epidemiological situation of SE infection in yaks from Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
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