Preparation of an oil-in-water emulsion adjuvant for inactivated foot-and-mouth disease vaccine and its intradermal immune effect evaluation
In this study,adjuvants and immune pathways have been investigated to assess the safety and immunological efficacy of the inactivated foot-and-mouth disease(FMD)vaccine,aiming to enhance its effectiveness.The oil-in-water(O/W)emulsion adjuvant(short as OEPP)was composed of ethyl oleate,polyoxyethylene lauryl alcohol,and PEG400 at a mass ratio of 2∶5∶3 and combined with inactivated foot-and-mouth disease virus(FMDV)by intradermal injection to explore its biosafety and immune effect.From the findings,OEPP could be kept steadily at 4 ℃ to 60 ℃ for 30 days without stratification.Ac-cording to the results of the hemolysis test in vitro,the red blood cells treated with OEPP did not burst and were in good condition.Additionally,H&E examination demonstrated that OEPP did not trigger pathological changes in essential physiological organs.All safety tests in vivo and in vitro confirmed that OEPP has high biocompatibility and may be utilized for in vivo injection.Importantly,there was no significant difference in the level of FMDV-IgG antibody between OEPP and commercial ISA206,but it was significantly higher than intramuscular immunity.Also,intradermal immunity could recruit more lym-phocytes and inflammatory cells in the skin tissue surrounding the injection site than intramuscular injection.OEPP can induce a local inflammatory reaction through the intradermal immunological path-way,thereby recruiting more antigen-presenting cells(APCs)and promoting immune response-ability.This may provide experimental data for subsequent needle-free intradermal immunization tests in vivo.
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