Risk factors and clinical management strategies for insuf-ficient keratinized mucosa around dental implants
The peri-implant soft tissue not only influenc-es the long-term stability of the implant,but also plays a deci-sive role in the aesthetics of the labial and buccal sides as well as in patient adaptation.Adequate keratinized mucosa width around the implant reduces plaque accumulation and lo-cal alveolar ridge resorption,and decreases the incidence of peri-implantitis.Therefore,avoiding the risk of insufficient keratinized mucosa and mastering different methods of keratin-ized mucosa treatment and augmentation can contribute to the timely and effective treatment of clinical complications.Cur-rently,the main surgical procedures used for keratinized mu-cosa widening in the clinic include root-oriented resurfacing flap,free gingival grafting,and subepithelial connective tissue grafting.In this article,we present a review of the risk factors for insufficient width of peri-implant keratinized mucosa and the operational features of various types of keratinized mucosa widening procedures,with a view to provide reference for clini-cal diagnosis and treatment.
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