Study on the clinical application effect of the artificial intelligence-based objective grading system for orthodon-tic cases
Objective To study the clinical application effect of the American Board of Orthodontics(ABO)objective grading system(OGS)based on artificial intelligence(AI).Methods Post-treatment plaster models of 38 patients,who completed orthodontic treatment at the Department of Orthodontics,Beijing Stomatological Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from January 2016 to July 2023,were collected for retrospective analysis.The iTero Element® scan-ner was used to generate digital models.An AI-based ABO-OGS measurement system was then employed to perform au-tomatic assessment based on digital models,which was recorded as the AI group;1 attending physician and 1 senior chief physician used the ABO measuring ruler to perform manual measurement based on the 3D printed digital model,which were recorded as the manual measurement attending(MMA)group and the manual measurement chief(MMC)group,respectively.Measurements were performed twice with an interval of 2 weeks as a washout period.The scores and time consumption were recorded.Results The measurement time-consumption of the AI group,MMA group and MMC group was(0.18±0.00)s,(292.94±27.10)s,and(210.00±21.21)s,respectively,showing a sta-tistically significant difference(F=980.288,P＜0.001).All three groups had decent measurement consistency,with the ICC values of the ABO-OGS total score reaching 0.897,0.869 and 0.929,respectively.Additionally,only in the AI group,there was no statistical difference in the comparison of the two measurement scores of various indexes(all P＞0.05).The difference between the two measurement scores of the buccolingual inclination index in the AI group was low-er than that in the MMA group,but the difference in marginal ridges index was higher than that in the MMC group,and the differences were all statistically significant(both P＜0.05).Comparative analysis among groups was conducted based on the average score of the two measurements,and the AI group displayed higher measurement scores for most indexes.Compared with the MMA group,the overjet and occlusal contact indexes scores and total score in AI group were higher.Compared with the MMC group,the alignment,marginal ridges,buccolingual inclination,overjet and occlusal contact in-dexes scores and total score in AI group were higher,and the differences were statistically significant(all P＜0.05).Con-clusion The AI-based ABO-OGS exhibits decent repeatability in measurements with higher time efficiency;however,its measurement scores are generally higher than manual scores,which still needs further optimization.
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