Study on periodontal status and oral Helicobacter pylori infection in pregnant women and the influencing fac-tors
Objective To study the periodontal status and oral Helicobacter pylori(Hp)infection in pregnant women and the associated influencing factors.Methods Totally 190 pregnant women who underwent regular obstetric checkups at the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College from January to October in 2023 were selected as the study sub-jects.A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the oral hygiene behavior of all pregnant women.Using a combination of visual probing,pregnant women underwent an oral examination to record periodontal conditions such as calculus,bleeding on probing,periodontal attachment level,and probing depth.Hp test paper(dry chemical method)was used to detect oral Hp infection in pregnant women;the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes(preterm labor and low birth weight babies)was recorded.Results The prevalence of periodontitis in pregnant women was 49.5％(94/190)and that of oral Hp infection was 44.7％(85/190).Dental cleaning within 1 year(OR=0.238,95％CI:0.108-0.527,P＜0.001)and calculus(OR=2.150,95％CI:1.125-4.109,P=0.021)were independent influencing factors of the de-velopment of periodontitis.Brushing for＞3 min at a time(OR=0.268,95％CI:0.104-0.691,P=0.006),vomit-ing during pregnancy(OR=2.165,95％CI:1.147-4.088,P=0.017),and having periodontitis(OR=2.086,95％CI:1.101-3.954,P=0.024)were independent influenc-ing factors of oral Hp infection.The incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes was 8.42％,including 10 preterm deliver-ies and 6 low birth weight babies out of 190 pregnancies.The incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes in the group with periodontitis and oral Hp infection,the group with periodontitis only,the group with oral Hp infection only,and the group with no periodontitis and no oral Hp infection were,respectively,18.00％(9/50),6.82％(3/44),8.57％(3/35),and 1.64％(1/61),and the difference was statistically significant(P=0.019).Conclusion Pregnant women are often with poor periodontal status and oral Hp infection,and suffering from periodontitis and oral Hp infection may be associated with poor pregnancy outcomes.Attention needs to be paid to the implementation of oral hygiene behaviors(regular tooth clean-ing,increasing brushing time)in pregnant women and the conduct of regular examinations of calculus and vomiting dur-ing pregnancy to maintain periodontal health during pregnancy.
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