Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is now the fastest growing disease in the world in terms of liver-related mortality and morbidity,and several common genetic variants have been found to be strongly associated with NAFLD.The article will focus on 3 aspects of NAFLD:epidemiology,genetic elements,and NAFLD-related liver transplantation.This will help clinicians to identify genetic susceptibility factors of NAFLD earlier,so as to avoid the occurrence of NASH and liver failure,which is clinically important to reduce the treatment of liver transplantation.