Hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)are the most common chronic liver diseases worldwide.In recent years,with the increasing incidence of MAFLD,the coexistence of chronic HBV infection and MAFLD has become more common.Although MAFLD can lead to end-stage liver disease and various extrahepatic adverse outcomes,the interaction between MAFLD and HBV and its clinical impact on chronic hepatitis B have not been fully elucidated.Therefore,we evaluated the epidemiological characteristics of chronic HBV infection concurrent with MAFLD,focused on the influence of coexisting MAFLD on the clinical outcome of chronic HBV infection,and the clinical management strategies for patients with chronic HBV infection concurrent with MAFLD.This reviewaims to provide clinical inspirations for clinicians.