With increased hepatitis B(HBV)vaccination rates and widespread use of antiviral drugs,the incidence and death of HBV or HCV-associated HCC are no longer increasing year by year.However,the number of liver cancer-related deaths increased by 16%globally,mainly due to the rapid increase in the prevalence of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).To this end,it is necessary to attach great importance to the clinical and basic research of NAFLD-HCC.This article describes the current status and challenges of NAFLD-related liver cancer epidemiology,surveillance,prevention,and treatment decisions.