Pulmonary interventional therapy for some critical patients poses significant risks under routine local or general anesthesia.Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO)can provide effective respiratory and/or circulatory support and prevent or overcome perioperative life-threatening hypoxemia and hypercapnia,ensuring the success of the operation.Combined with the currently published case reports on respiratory interventional therapy in critical patients with short-term ECMO,this paper summarizes and discusses the proper time of application,suitable population and details of ECMO management(such as working mode,anticoagulant therapy,weaning and complications)of respiratory interventional therapy with the support of ECMO,with the aim of providing guidance for better carrying out respiratory interventional therapy with the support of ECMO.