In recent years,MST has attracted widespread attention and application in the treatment of hematological malignancies such as acute myeloid leukemia(AML).This technique not only effectively improves the survival rate of AML patients but also possesses the advantages of mild graft-versus-leukemia effect(GVHD),high efficiency,and low toxicity.It represents a therapeutic modality of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation that preserves the recipient's normal immune function.However,the specific mechanisms underlying the effectiveness of MST are not yet fully understood.This article reviews the possible immune mechanisms of MST in treating AML,providing a basis for the optimization and widespread application of MST technology.