Multiple causative viruses present in goslings with fatal gout syndrome
In recent years,a novel goose gout disease which characterized by visceral urate deposi-tion and accompanied with urate deposition in muscle,joints or subcutaneous has resulted in seri-ous economic loss to the goose-rearing industry in China.In order to explore causative pathogens besides of goose astrovirus(GoAstV)in the tissue homogenate of 12 classical goose gout cases from Jiangsu,Sichuan,Guangdong,Fujian,Shandong and Hebei Provinces in China,the GoAstV,avian orthoreovirus(ARV),avastrovirus-1(AAstV-1),avastrovirus-2(AAstV-2),Tembusu virus(TMUV),avian influenza virus(AIV),goose circovirus(GoCV),goose parvovirus(GPV),fowl adenovirus(FAdV),goose hemorrhagic polyomavirus(GHPV)were detected by RT-PCR/PCR.The morphological characteristics and pathogenicity of four virus strains designated JS2001,JS2002,JS2003 and SC2001 isolated from the 12 cases were identified respectively by transmission electron microscopy and histopathological examination of 10-embryonic day-old goose embryos without maternal antibody.The results of RT-PCR/PCR showed that the positive rates of GoAstV,AAstV1,AAstV2,ARV,TMUV,AIV and GPV were 100％,41.7％,58.3％,50.0％,16.7％,8.3％and 8.3％,respectively.The triple positive rate of GoAstV+AAstV1+AAstV2 and GoAstV+AAstV1/AAstV2+ARV was 25.0％(3/12).The quadruple positive rate of GoAstV+AAstV1+AAstV2+ARV was 8.3％(1/12).The virus particles of JS2001,JS2002,JS2003 and SC2001 were spherical and 20-30 nm in size.In addition,there were also some spherical virus par-ticles with clearly visible capsid and double-layer membrane in SC2001,and other spherical virus particles with double-layer membrane which arranged regularly with 10-20 nm particle were found in JS2003.Following embryo inoculated with JS2001,JS2002,JS2003 and SC2001,all the dead embryos exhibited severe subcutaneous hemorrhage,red or yellow staining,local or systemic edema accompanied by jelly-like fluid exudation under the skin.Histopathological examination re-vealed severe inflammatory cell infiltration in the liver,heart and kidney,severe vacuolar degenera-tion necrosis in hepatocytes,cardiomyocytes,and renal tubular epithelial cells.These results indica-ted that the ongoing goose gout disease in China may be caused by GoAstV and other causative a-gents,and may be referred to as"gosling gout syndrome".The possible pathogenic mechanisms a-mong multiple viruses still need to be further confirmed.
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