Therapeutic effects and mechanisms of Litsea cubeba oil on broiler necrotic enteri-tis infected by Clostridium perfringens
Necrotic enteritis caused by Clostridium perfringens(C.perfringens)as a sporadic dis-ease brought enormous harms and economic loss to the global poultry industry.The study aims to investigate the inhibitory effects and mechanisms of litsea cubeba oil on type Ⅳ pilus system(TFP)of C.perfringens,and to evaluate its effects on intestinal health and growth performance of broilers infected with C.perfringens.The inhibition effect of Litsea cubeba oil on TFP function of C.perfringens was explored by the gliding motility test,transmission electron microscope(TEM)observation and biofilm formation assay.Additionally,the model of broiler necrotic enteritis in-duced by C.perfringens was further established and the body weight,intestinal inflammatory in-dexs,bacterial load and histopathological changes of broilers in each group were determined to e-valuate the protective effect of Litsea cubeba oil against C.perfringens induced-necrotic enteritis.The results showed that Litsea cubeba oil at non-inhibitory concentrations(16 mg/L)could signif-icantly inhibit TFP-mediated gliding motility and biofilm formation of C.perfringens(P＜0.05).Compared with C.perfringens infection group,medium and high doses of Litsea cubeba oil treat-ment could significantly alleviate the intestinal lesions,decrease intestinal bacterial load by 1.3log10(P＜0.05),improve the growth performance of broilers,and decrease the ratio of feed to gain(P＜0.05)and improve the feed conversion ratio.Furthermore,Litsea cubeba oil treatment im-proved the intestinal integrity by regulating the expression of tight junction proteins,and signifi-cantly decreased the inflammation in C.perfringens infected-broilers(P＜0.05).The current stud-y demonstrated that Litsea cubeba oil treatment could inhibit the biological function of TFP of C.perfringens and play a protective therapeutic role on the growth performance and intestinal health of broilers challenged with C.perfringens.
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