非洲猪瘟病毒的流行与遗传演化:变与不变
Epidemiology and genetic evolution of African swine fever virus:Variations and constants
陈盛媚 1王涛 2陆战豪 2蓝靖 2罗瑞 2付强 3孙元 2仇华吉1
作者信息
- 1. 佛山科学技术学院生命科学与工程学院,广东佛山 528231;中国农业科学院哈尔滨兽医研究所动物疫病防控全国重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨 150069
- 2. 中国农业科学院哈尔滨兽医研究所动物疫病防控全国重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨 150069
- 3. 佛山科学技术学院生命科学与工程学院,广东佛山 528231
- 折叠
摘要
非洲猪瘟(African swine fever,ASF)是由非洲猪瘟病毒(African swine fever virus,ASFV)感染家猪和野猪而引起的一种烈性传染病.ASFV在欧洲暴发流行过程中,已演化出无红细胞吸附特性的弱毒株.2018年,基因Ⅱ型ASFV强毒株传入我国后,相继出现了基因Ⅱ型弱毒株、基因Ⅰ型弱毒株以及基因Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型重组的ASFV强毒株.这表明ASFV在流行过程中出现了复杂、多样的遗传演化,给疫苗研发和疫病的监测带来了严峻的挑战.本文首先对ASFV在我国和全球流行的新特点进行了总结;重点分析了 ASFV在流行过程中的遗传变异和致病性的改变;在此基础上,探讨了 ASFV遗传变异对病毒免疫逃逸和致病性的影响,以及对疫苗研发、疫病检测和监测带来的挑战;旨在加深对ASFV遗传演化规律与变异机制的认知,从而为疫苗和诊断技术研究提供理论依据.
Abstract
African swine fever(ASF)is a highly contagious and pathogenic disease affecting both domestic and wild pigs,which is caused by African swine fever virus(ASFV).In European epidem-ics,low-virulence strains of ASFV,which do not have hemadsorbing properties,have been identi-fied.Following the identification of highly virulent genotype Ⅱ ASFV strains in China in 2018,subsequently,low-virulence strains of genotype Ⅱ and genotype Ⅰ emerged.Recombination be-tween genotypes Ⅰ and Ⅱ has also led to the occurrence of high-virulence strains.This indicates a complex and diverse genetic evolution of ASFV during the epidemiological transmission,which po-ses significant challenges for vaccine development and disease surveillance.Here,we provide an o-verview of the novel epidemiological characteristics of ASFV,with a focus on genetic variations and pathogenic differences during the outbreaks of ASF.We also explore how ASFV genetic varia-tions impact immune escape and pathogenicity of the virus,and the challenges they pose for vac-cine development,disease diagnosis,and surveillance.The aim of this review is to enhance our un-derstanding of the genetic evolution and mutation mechanisms of ASFV,providing a theoretical basis for the development of vaccines and research on diagnostic technologies.
关键词
非洲猪瘟/非洲猪瘟病毒/基因突变/重组/遗传演化/疫苗Key words
African swine fever/African swine fever virus/mutation/recombination/genetic evolu-tion/vaccine引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
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