Progress in epidemiological research on hepatitis E virus in wild ruminant animals
孙通宝 1吴晨雨 1任照文 2李娜 2王娅妮 3王晓虎 4王秋悦1
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作者信息
1. 河北科技师范学院动物科技学院河北省预防兽医重点实验室,河北秦皇岛 063000
2. 华南农业大学,广东 广州,510642
3. 仲恺农业工程学院,广东 广州,510000
4. 广东省农业科学院动物卫生研究所,广东 广州 510640
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摘要
戊型肝炎病毒(hepatitis E virus,HEV)是引起急性病毒性肝炎最常见的病原体之一.目前,HEV有8种不同的基因型,其中HEV基因1型和基因2型仅感染人,而基因3型和4型则是人畜共患的病毒.HEV在一些国家主要由通过食用受污染或未煮熟的猪肉引发传播,家猪和野猪通常被认为是HEV的主要宿主.然而,在过去的几年里,越来越多的证据表明,包括野鹿、野山羊等其他几种野生反刍动物也存在HEV感染的风险.因此,了解影响野生反刍动物与人类之间传播的风险因素,对于确定它们在HEV流行病学周期中的作用至关重要.对野生反刍动物HEV流行病学的最新进展进行综述,旨在为HEV的科学防制提供依据.
Abstract
Hepatitis E virus(HEV)is one of the most common pathogens in acute viral hepatitis.There are at least eight distinct genotypes of HEV.Only humans can contract HEV genotypes 1 and 2,but zoonotic viruses like genotypes 3 and 4 are mostly spread by eating undercooked or in-fected pork in some affluent nations.As a result,boars,both domestic and wild,are typically regar-ded as primary hosts of HEV.Nevertheless,during the past few years,a growing body of research has demonstrated that a number of other wild ruminant animals,such as wild deer and goats,are also susceptible to HEV infection.Determining their participation in the epidemiological cycle of hepatitis E thus requires an understanding of the risk variables that influence the transmission be-tween wild ruminants and humans.With an emphasis on published serological and molecular re-search,this review offers a broad summary of the body of knowledge currently available on the epi-demiology of HEV in wild ruminants.It addresses potential risk factors that could impact the spread of HEV among animals as well as their potential to serve as a source of infectious zoonotic illnesses.It presents an overview of the most recent developments in the epidemiology of HEV in wild ruminants and offers a framework for HEV prevention and management based on science.
关键词
野生反刍动物/戊型肝炎病毒/流行病学
Key words
wild ruminant animals/hepatitis E virus/epidemiology
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