A preliminary study on the causes and influencing factors of unqualified blood donors in Tai'an area
Objective Through retrospective statistical analysis of the unqualified situation of whole blood donations from unpaid donors in Tai'an area(except for the blood collection site in Xintai),the influencing factors are explored and corresponding measures are taken to minimize the unqualified proportion of donors and provide more safe blood for the clinic.Methods Statistical analyses were conducted on the unqualified situation of blood donors'health checkups,initial screening,and blood tests,and on the unqualified situation of blood donors of different genders,ages,and occupations,respectively,in Tai'an area from 2018 to 2022.Results About 45583 blood donors in Tai'an area from 2018-2022 were suspended from donating blood due to unqualified health physical examination and initial screening before blood donation,and the reasons for suspension were mainly unqualified health physical examination and unqualified alanine aminotrasferase(ALT),chyle,hemoglobin(Hb)and other testing items.The elimination rate of initial screening of blood donors in Tai'an area during 5 years was 10.12% (22212/219516),and the scrapping rate of blood testing was 1.24% (2442/197072).Among them,ALT initial screening and test failure rate were the highest.a.From 2018 to 2022,the failure rate of initial screening for hepatitis B virus surface antigen(HBsAg)showed a decreasing trend year by year,and there was a statistically significant difference in the failure rate of initial screening for HBsAg among different years(P<0.05).The failure rate of initial screening of chyle in 2019 was higher than that in other years,and the difference in failure rate of initial screening for chyle in different years was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was a statistically significant difference in the failure rate of initial screening for ALT and Hb among different years(P<0.05).From 2018 to 2022,ALT had the highest failure rate in the initial screening.Except for 2019,the failure rate of initial screening in other years ranked from highest to lowest as ALT>Hb>chyle>HBsAg.b.From 2018 to 2022,the highest failure rate of ALT test was found in the blood testing program;the failure rate of anti-Treponema pallidum(anti-TP)test in 2019 and the failure rate of human immunodeficiency virus antibody(anti-HIV)test in 2021 were significantly higher than those in other years.There were significant differences in the elimination rate of blood and the failure rate of ALT,HBsAg,anti-TP and anti-HIV tests among blood donors in different years(P<0.05).c.From 2018 to 2022,there were statistically significant differences in unqualified blood donors of different gender,age and occupation(P<0.05).There were significant differences in the failure rates of ALT,HBsAg,chyle and Hb among blood donors of different genders(P<0.05).There were significant differences in the failure rates of ALT,HBsAg,chyle,Hb,anti-HCV and anti-TP tests among blood donors of all ages(P<0.05).There were significant differences in the failure rates of ALT,HBsAg,chyle and Hb among different occupational blood donors(P<0.05).Conclusion Establishing a health management platform for blood donors,increasing the publicity and education for unpaid blood donors can improve the health level of blood donors,and reduce the unqualified rate of blood donation.Standardizing the operation process of primary screening,strengthening the training of staff on operation skills can reduce the scrapping rate of blood testing,and provide more safe blood for the clinic.
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