Epidemiological investigation of myopia and its risk factors in Zhaoqing City
Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of myopia among adolescents in Zhaoqing City.Methods 2052 adolescents from Zhaoqing City were collected for data analysis,andsingle-factor and Logistic regression analysis were conducted on myopia-related factors.Results A total of 2 052 cases of adolescents in Duonzhou District of Zhaoqing City were included,grouped by grade,including 154 cases in first grade,156 cases in second grade,161 cases in third grade,159 cases in forth grade,155 cases in fifth grade,157 cases in sixth grade,154 cases in first year of junior high school,153 cases in second year of junior high school,131 cases in third year of junior high school,143 cases in Senior 1,144 cases in Senior 2,145 cases in Senior 3,77 cases in Grade 1 of vocational high school,77 cases in Grade 2 of vocational high school,86 cases in Grade 3 of vocational high school.There were 1183 boys and 869 girls.The total prevalence of myopia was 37.1%(762/2052),including 21.1%(199/942)in primary school,39.7%(174/438)in junior high school,58.6%(253/432)in senior high school and 56.7%(136/240)in vocational high school.The prevalence of myopia was 33.0%(390/1183)in boys and 42.8%(372/869)in girls.The total prevalence of poor vision was 66.3%(1360/2052),including 58.3%(549/942)in primary school,69.2%(303/438)in junior high school,83.8%(362/432)in senior high school and 60.8%(146/240)in vocational high school.The prevalence of myopia in poor vision was 56.0%(762/1360).Time to do homework every day,time to attend tutoring classes every week,more than one fist from the edge of the table when reading and writing,more than one foot away from the book when reading and writing,time to watch TV every day,time to use the computer every day,time to read books or electronic screens in direct sunlight,time to turn off the light when looking at electronic screens after dark,reading books or electronic screens while lying or lying on your stomach,reading books or electronic screens while walking or riding,what kind of light is used for reading and writing at home after dark,eye distance from computer display>66 cm when using a computer,eye distance from TV display>3 m when watching TV and playing TV games,how often the eyes take a break when using the eyes at close range,and whether the parents were myopia or not were the influencing factors for the occurrence of myopia(P<0.05).Logistic multiple regression analysis showed that homework time of 1-2 h,no tutoring class,and chest distance from the edge of the table often exceeding one fist were protective factors for myopia(OR=0.355,0.304,0.632;P<0.05),and having the eyes more than one foot away from the book occasionally,watching TV for 0-1 h per day,always reading books or electronic screens when walking or riding,and having both parents myopia were risk factors for the development of myopia(OR=2.167,2.316,2.722,1.489;P<0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of myopia among adolescents in Zhaoqing City is high,and healthy eye habits should be cultivated on campus and in life to raise students'awareness of protecting their eyesight.
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