Analysis on the features of TCM syndrome element in 626 mild cases at the early stage with COVID-19 in Shanghai
Objective To explore the characteristics of TCM syndrome elements in the early stage of COVID-19.Methods A total of 626 cases with Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 at the early stage were collected,TCM four-diagnosis information were sorted out.The syndrome element integral were calculated.The features of TCM syndromes and syndrome elements were summarized.Results In this study,46 TCM symptoms of mild COVID-19 patients were collected,and the top three symptoms with the highest frequency were laryngeal itching,cough and fever.The most common tongue and pulse were light red tongue,thin white fur,and floating pulse.Among the 15 syndromes,the top three frequencies of disease sites were surface,lung and spleen.The top three excess syndromes were wind,heat and phlegm.The top three syndromes of deficiency were qi deficiency,Yang deficiency and Yin deficiency.The frequency distribution of syndrome elements in youth group,middle-aged group and elderly group had statistical difference(P<0.05),and the frequency in youth group was higher than that in elderly group(P<0.05).There was statistical difference in fever frequency(P<0.05),and the frequency of fever in youth group and middle-aged group was higher than that in elderly group(P<0.05).There was statistical difference(P<0.05)in dampness,and the frequency of dampness in the middle-aged and elderly group was higher than that in the youth group(P<0.05).The frequency of sputum of the youth group was lower than that of the elderly group(P<0.05).There was statistical difference in Qi-deficiency(P<0.01),and the frequency of Qi-deficiency in youth group was significantly lower than that of elderly group(P<0.01),and the middle-aged group was lower than the elderly group(P<0.05).There was statistical difference in Yang deficiency(P<0.01),and the frequency of Yang deficiency in youth group was significantly lower than that of elderly group(P<0.01).There was statistical difference in blood deficiency(P<0.05),with cases present only in the elderly group.According to the syndrome elements,a total of 14 excess syndromes and 7 deficiency syndromes were summarized.The top three excess syndromes were lung Qi impairment(127 cases,20.29%),wind-heat attack(94 cases,15.02%),and wind-attack surface loss(59 cases,9.42%).The top three deficiency syndromes were lung qi deficiency(11 cases,1.76%),spleen lung qi deficiency(8 cases,1.28%)and lung Yin deficiency(5 cases,0.80%).Conclusion The initial diseased site of patients with mild infection of Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 is mainly in the lung,mainly wind,and more heat;youth patients tend to be wind-heat,middle-aged patients tended to be damp and hot,and the elderly patients are prone to phlegm dampness,asthenic disease,and are prone to transmission.
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