2020-2023年上海地区犬钩端螺旋体血清流行病学调查与分析
Serological Epidemiological Investigation and Analysis of Canine Leptospira in Shanghai from 2020 to 2023
张玉杰 1何随彬 2徐锋 1庄源 3王晓旭 1沈莉萍 1向蒙 1杨显超 1王建1
作者信息
- 1. 上海市动物疫病预防控制中心,上海 长宁 201103
- 2. 上海市浦东新区畜牧水产技术推广中心,上海 浦东 201299
- 3. 上海市疾病预防控制中心,上海 长宁 200336
- 折叠
摘要
为了解上海地区犬钩端螺旋体的免疫和临床感染情况,同时明确犬携带钩端螺旋体的优势血清群,为上海地区犬钩端螺旋体病的防控提供重要的数据支撑.本试验采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)对2020-2023年收集的3 920份犬血清样本(3 557份流浪犬血清样本、176份免疫家养犬血清样本和187份未免疫家养犬血清样本)进行血清学检测,采用显微凝集试验(MAT)对ELISA检测阳性的80份血清样本进行钩端螺旋体血清群检测,同时对血清阳性率和血清群数据进行统计分析.结果显示,流浪犬的钩端螺旋体血清阳性率为52.38%(95%CI:51.22%～53.54%),家养犬的钩端螺旋体血清阳性率为19.28%(95%CI:15.22%～23.34%).血清分群结果显示,流浪犬血清样本所含血清群的占比为犬群>澳洲群>黄疸出血群>拜伦群>40%,未发现流感伤寒群;家养犬血清样本中15种血清群均有发现,其中未免疫家养犬血清样本所含血清群的占比为黄疸出血群>秋季群=回归热群>犬群>50%,免疫家养犬血清样本所含血清群的占比为拜伦群>波摩那群>致热群>50%(与疫苗有关的黄疸出血群和犬群不用于优势血清群的比较);统计分析结果显示,未免疫家养犬的感染血清群数量存在地区差异(P<0.05),流浪犬和家养犬的血清阳性率和感染血清群类型(澳洲群、波摩那群、流感伤寒群和塔拉索夫群)存在显著差异(P<0.05),免疫家养犬和未免疫家养犬感染的血清群类型(拜伦群、致热群和秋季群)存在显著差异(P<0.05).结果表明,上海地区不同犬种群的钩端螺旋体优势血清群不同,且流浪犬血清阳性率较高,应当注意防范流浪犬带来的潜在公共卫生安全问题.
Abstract
This study aimed to understand the immune and clinical infection status of canine Leptospira in Shanghai,identify the dominant serogroups carried by dogs,and provide critical data support for the prevention and control of canine leptospirosis in the region.A total of 3 920 canine serum samples(3 557 from stray dogs,176 from vaccinated domestic dogs,and 187 from unvaccinated domestic dogs)collected between 2020 and 2023 were tested using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).For ELISA-positive samples(n=80),microscopic agglutination test(MAT)was conducted to identify the Leptospira serogroups,followed by statistical analysis of seropositivity rates and serogroup data.The results showed that the seropositivity rate of Leptospira in stray dogs was 52.38%(95%CI:51.22%-53.54%),while that in domestic dogs was 19.28%(95%CI:15.22%-23.34%).The serogroup analysis revealed that in stray dogs,the predominant serogroups were Canicola>Australis>Icterohaemorrhagiae>Balum>40%,with no detection of Grippotyphosa.In domestic dogs,all 15 serogroups were detected;in unvaccinated domestic dogs,the predominant serogroups were Icterohaemorrhagiae>Autumnalis=Sejroe>Canicola>50%,while in vaccinated domestic dogs,the predominant serogroups were Balum>Pamonoa>Pyrogenes>50%(vaccine-related serogroups Icterohaemorrhagiae and Canicola were excluded from dominance comparison).Statistical analysis revealed regional differences in the number of infecting serogroups in unvaccinated domestic dogs(P<0.05).Significant differences in seropositivity rates and serogroup types(Australis,Pamonoa,Grippotyphosa,and Tarassovi)were observed between stray and domestic dogs(P<0.05).Additionally,significant differences in serogroup types(Balum,Pyrogenes,and Autumnalis)were found between vaccinated and unvaccinated domestic dogs(P<0.05).The findings suggest that the dominant Leptospira serogroups vary among different canine populations in Shanghai,with a higher seropositivity rate in stray dogs,indicating the potential public health risks posed by stray dogs.
关键词
犬/钩端螺旋体/血清群/流浪犬/家养犬Key words
canine/Leptospira/serogroup/stray dog/domestic dog引用本文复制引用
出版年
2025
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据