Study on Variance of Nitrogen Efficiency Among Sugar Beet Varieties and Its Effect on Yield and Quality
[Objective]In order to investigate the differences in nitrogen absorption and utilization among different types of sugar beet varieties and their relationship with yield and quality,and lay a foundation for the precise application of nitrogen fertilizer in farming,[Methods]field experiments were conducted using high-yield('HI1003'),standard('IM1162'and'SX1511')and high-sugar('KWS1197')types of sugar beet varieties.N0(0 kg/hm2),N75(75 kg/hm2)and N225(225 kg/hm2)were set to evaluate dry matter allocation,root-to-shoot ratio,nitrogen accumulation and distribution,nitrogen efficiency,and yield and quality index at different growth stages.[Results]The results showed that:(1)the characteristics of nitrogen uptake and utilization during the growth period of sugar beet showed a unimodal curve,which reached a peak on August 9th.(2)During the period of root and sugar accumulation in August,the aboveground dry matter allocation of high-yield and high-sugar varieties increased by 4.57％-36.77％compared to the standard varieties under the treatments of N0 and N75,and the variation range of root-to-shoot ratio of standard varieties were lower than that of high-yield and high-sugar varieties.(3)The nitrogen fertilizer utilization efficiency of high-sugar varieties was the highest during harvest under N75 treatment,which increased by 58.44％and high-sugar varieties was the highest during harvest under N75 treatment, which increased by 58.44％ and 71.26％, respectively, compared to the standard varieties 'SX1511' and 'IM1162'. The nitrogen fertilizer utilization efficiency and the yield of high -yield variety was the highest under N225 treatment, and the yield increased by 10.31％ and 14.06％, respectively, compared with the standard varieties ' IM1162' and 'SX1511'. [Conclusion]The root growth and sucrose accumulation were the key stages for nitrogen regulation of yield and quality, during which nitrogen regulation can achieve the goal of high yield or high sugar content while maximizing the efficiency of nitrogen absorption and utilization of varieties.
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