摘要
目的:基于全周期视角,分析我国慢性病政策文本的现状、特点与问题,为后续政策优化提供参考.方法:选取2009-2023年国家层面发布的104份慢性病相关政策文件,采用内容分析法,构建"政策工具—慢性病全周期管理"二维分析框架,进行单维量化分析与二维交叉分析.结果:政策工具的应用存在明显的不均衡,供给型政策工具占比高达63.23％,需求型政策工具使用最少,仅为10.51％;慢性病全周期管理维度,预防、防治、治疗、疗康、康养、全周期分别占比21.01％、24.58％、28.89％、7.32％、4.69％和13.51％,疗康与康养阶段的比重较低;慢性病管理政策各阶段均与供给型政策互动频繁,疗康、康复和全周期阶段与需求型政策工具交叉较少.结论:应调节政策工具运用比例,加强其内部协调性,完善康养与疗康阶段的顶层设计,增强各类型政策工具与慢性病全周期管理的协同交互作用,提升政策总体效能.
Abstract
Objective:This paper aims to analyze the current status,characteristics,and problems of the policy text of China's chronic disease from the perspective of full-cycle,and provide a reference for subsequent policy optimization.Methods:The author selected 104 policy documents on chronic disease published at the national level from 2009 to 2023,used content analysis method,constructed a two-dimensional analysis framework of"policy tools-full-cycle management",and carried out one-dimensional quantitative analysis and two-dimensional cross-analysis.Results:The application of policy tools is obviously unbalanced,with supply-type policy tools accounting for as much as 63.23％,and demand-type policy tools used the least,only 10.51％.In the dimension of full-cycle management,the proportions of prevention,prevention and treatment,treatment,treatment and rehabilitation,health care,and full-cycle stages are 21.01％,24.58％,28.89％,7.32％,4.69％and 13.51％respectively.It is noteworthy that the proportions of the treatment and rehabilitation,and health care stages are relatively low.All stages of chronic disease health management interact frequently with supply-type policies,and the treatment and rehabilitation,health care and full-cycle stages cross less with demand-type policy tools.Conclusion:It is necessary to adjust the proportion of policy tools,strengthen their internal coordination,improve the top-level design of treatment and rehabilitation and health care,enhance the synergistic interaction between various types of policy tools and full-cycle management,and improve the overall effectiveness of policies.
NETL
NSTL
万方数据