摘要
中国古典文学理论批评中惯常使用"反义对举"的方式对人物进行评论,这一批评现象在历代李杜论争中尤为突出且典型,不仅关乎二人本身的心性、艺文、道德,且延伸到近现代李杜研究的各方面.这既是李杜在浪漫与现实两种相反的诗歌风格领域各自达到极致成就的直观反映,也与深植于中西方文化观念和思维方式中的"二元对立结构""反者道之动"等批评传统紧密相关.反义概念的相抗对冲、调和平衡,始终伴随着李杜诗歌经典化的整个过程,这一现象的余波延伸至当代古典文学批评的各个方面,其影响不论在显性还是隐性层面皆至深至远.
Abstract
The use of"conceptual antithesis"as a method for critiquing individuals or theories is a com-mon practice in Chinese classical literary criticism.This phenomenon is particularly prominent and typical in the Li Bai and Du Fu debates,a discourse that not only pertains to their personal dispositions,artistic styles,and moral values,but also extends to the study of their paired legacy in modern and contemporary times.The debate represents an intuitive reflection of Li and Du's extreme achievement in each of the two opposing poetic styles of romance and reality,and is closely related to critical traditions such as the"structure of dichotomy,""the opposite is the movement of the Tao,"and"the theory of positive-negative harmony,"which are themselves deeply rooted in both Chinese and Western cultural concepts and thought patterns.
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