摘要
胆囊癌是胆道系统中较为罕见的恶性肿瘤,其预后不佳主要归因于早期症状不明显导致的确诊较晚和缺乏有效的治疗方案.研究表明,胆囊结石引发的慢性炎症是主要致病因素.尽管手术治疗可能治愈早期胆囊癌,但多数患者发现时已错过最佳手术时机.化疗和靶向治疗虽然提供了新方向,但总体生存率提升有限.因此,深入理解胆囊癌的发病机制,特别是与关键基因、分子通路的关联,对开发新的治疗策略至关重要.本文综述了胆囊癌的流行病学、发病机制、治疗现状及研究进展,旨在为其基础研究和临床治疗提供新思路.
Abstract
Gallbladder carcinoma,a relatively rare malignancy within the biliary tract,presents a grave prognosis primarily due to asymptomatic early stages leading to advanced stage diagnosis and the absence of efficacious treatment options.Research has identified chronic inflammation,predom-inantly caused by gallstones,as a critical etiological factor.While surgical intervention offers potential curative outcomes in early stages,the majority of cases are identified too late for optimal surgical outcomes.Chemotherapy and targeted therapy,despite offering new therapeutic avenues,have not significantly improved overall survival rates.Thus,understanding the pathogenesis of gallbladder cancer,especially its association with key genetic and molecular pathways,is imperative for devising novel therapeutic strategies.This review delineates the epidemiology,pathogenesis,current treat-ment modalities,and research advancements in gallbladder cancer,aiming to provide innovative in-sights for clinical management and guide future research endeavors.
维普
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