Objective To investigate the effect of Banxia Shumi decoction,a representative formula for"guiding Yang into Yin,"on the Rorα/Bmal1 signaling axis in rats with chronic insomnia(CI).Methods Thirty-six SPF-grade rats were randomly divided into six groups:blank,model,low-dose Banxia Shumi decoction(BXSM-L),medium-dose Banxia Shumi decoction(BXSM-M),high-dose Banxia Shumi decoction(BXSM-H),and diazepam(DZ)groups,with six rats in each group.Except for the blank group,CI models were established using the small platform water environment method.The BXSM-L,BXSM-M,and BXSM-H groups received Banxia Shumi decoction decoction at doses of 4.69,9.38 and 18.75 g/kg,respectively.The DZ group was administered diazepam solution at 0.52 mg/kg,while the blank and model groups received the same volume of normal saline for 14 days.After treatment,electroencephalogram(EEG)was monitored using a 16-channel physiological recorder.The expression of Rorα and Bmal1 genes and proteins in the suprachiasmatic nucleus(SCN)and cerebral cortex(CC)was assessed using real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction,Western blotting,and immunohistochemistry.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure levels of γ-aminobutyric acid(GABA),glutamate(Glu),dopamine(DA),and norepinephrine(NE)in the brainstem and serum.Results Rats in the model group exhibited dull,lackluster fur,lethargy,irritability,sensitivity to environmental stimuli(such as sound and light),and loss of circadian rhythm.The blank group had lower α and β wave frequencies and higher δ wave frequency than the model group(P＜0.05).The model group had decreased α and δ wave frequencies and increased βwave frequency compared to the blank group(P＜0.05).The BXSM-L,BXSM-M,BXSM-H,and DZ groups showed increased α wave frequencies and decreased β wave frequencies compared to the model group(P＜0.05).The BXSM-M,BXSM-H,and DZ groups had increased δ wave frequencies compared to the model group(P＜0.05).The model group had higher β wave amplitude and lower δ wave amplitude compared to the blank group(P＜0.05).The BXSM-L,BXSM-M,BXSM-H,and DZ groups had lower β wave amplitudes and higher δ wave amplitudes compared to the model group(P＜0.05).The model group showed elevated levels of serum and brainstem Glu,GABA,NE,and DA compared to the blank group(P＜0.05).The BXSM-L,BXSM-M,BXSM-H,and DZ groups had lower serum Glu levels compared to the model group(P＜0.05).The BXSM-M,BXSM-H,and DZ groups had lower brainstem Glu levels compared to the model group(P＜0.05).The BXSM-L,BXSM-M,BXSM-H,and DZ groups had lower serum GABA levels compared to the model group(P＜0.05).The BXSM-L and BXSM-H groups had lower brainstem GABA levels compared to the model group(P＜0.05).The model group had elevated levels of NE and DA in serum and brainstem compared to the blank group(P＜0.05).The BXSM-L,BXSM-M,BXSM-H,and DZ groups had lower serum NE levels compared to the model group(P＜0.05).The BXSM-M,BXSM-H,and DZ groups had lower serum DA levels compared to the model group(P＜0.05).The BXSM-H and DZ groups had lower brainstem DA levels compared to the model group(P＜0.05).The model group had decreased relative expression of Rorα and Bmal1 genes and proteins in SCN and CC compared to the blank group(P＜0.05).The BXSM-M,BXSM-H,and DZ groups had increased relative expression of Rorα and Bmal1 genes and proteins in SCN and CC compared to the model group(P＜0.05).Conclusion This study reveals,for the first time,that Banxia Shumi decoction may ameliorate CI by upregulating the Rorα/Bmal1 signaling axis,thereby improving sleep homeostasis.
维普
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