Mitochondria are the control centers of the cell's energy production and biosynthesis.Recently,more and more studies have emphasized the role of mitochondria as immune regulatory factors.Dysfunctional mitochondria release mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)and other mitochondrial components into the cytoplasm or beyond the cell,where they then activate the immune inflammatory response.Atherosclerosis(AS)is a multi-factor chronic disease occurring in the great artery or middle artery,which can cause a variety of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications and seriously endanger human life and health.Recent studies have found that there is the release of mtDNA and its activation of immune inflammation in the blood vessel wall of AS.This review provides a comprehensive summary of the mechanism of action of mtDNA in vascular inflammation of AS,and further discusses which pattern recognition receptors(PRRs)can recognize mtDNA released by dysfunctional mitochondria to promote immune inflammation of blood vessels in AS.These provide new strategies and targets for the prevention and treatment of AS.
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