Ovarian cancer is the most common gynecological malignancy,characterized by high malignancy,insidious onset,and late-stage detection in most patients.Modern medicine lacks effective tools for early diagnosis,often leading to disease progression and metastasis.Although biomarkers such as carbohydrate antigen 125(CA125),human epididymis protein 4(HE4),and the ROMA index are currently used in ovarian cancer detection,their sensitivity,specificity,and survival benefits are insufficient for routine screening.Thus,there is an urgent need for biomarkers with higher specificity and sensitivity for ovarian cancer diagnosis.Exosomes,as mediators of intercellular communication,regulate various physiological activities,including material transport and information transfer.They may serve as key tools for communication between ovarian cancer cells and other cells,promoting tumor development and metastasis.This review synthesizes literature on exosomal long non-coding RNAs,miRNAs,and related proteins for ovarian cancer diagnosis in vitro.Additionally,it summarizes the current applications of exosomes in ovarian cancer,aiming to explore their diagnostic potential and provide new insights for clinical diagnosis.
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