Analysis of Distribution of Left Atrial Low Voltage Area Induced by Vein of Marshall Ethanol Infusion
Objectives:To quantitatively explore the distribution characteristics of low voltage areas in the left atrium after vein of Marshall(VOM)ethanol infusion.Methods:Between September 2021 and March 2023,thirty consecutive patients admitted to our hospital and underwent radiofrequency ablation for atrial fibrillation combined with VOM ethanol infusion were retrospectively enrolled,with a mean age of(61.6±10.1)years and 5(16.7%)females.By comparing the high-density mapping results of the left atrium before and after VOM ethanol infusion,the distribution and area of low voltage zones were evaluated.Results:The low voltage areas could extend to the roof of the left upper pulmonary vein,mitral isthmus and the posterior wall of the left atrium.More than 80%of the low voltage areas were located on the lower half ridge and the pulmonary vein side of the mitral isthmus.The average area of the low voltage zone was(9.3±4.6)cm2;the average percentage of the low voltage zone covering the left atrium surface was(4.1±1.9)%,with a maximum of 6.9%and a minimum of 1.2%.Further extending and more branches of VOM resulted in larger low voltage area.Conclusions:The most common location of low voltage areas caused by VOM ethanol infusion was the lower half ridge and the pulmonary vein side of the mitral isthmus,with significant individual differences.The distribution and area of low voltage zones were related to the extending and branching of VOM.
atrial fibrillationvein of Marshallethanol infusionlow voltage area
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