Effects of Guanidine Acetic Acid and Alpha-lipoic Acid Supplementation on Rumen Microbita and Metabolites in Sheep
[Objective]This experiment was aimed to investigate the effects of adding guanidine acetic acid(GAA)and alpha-lipoic acid(LA)to diets on rumen microbiota and metabolites in sheep.[Method]Twenty-four healthy Dorper×Hu hybrid male sheep with similar body weight and good physical condition were randomly divided into four groups:Control group(CTL,fed with basic diet),GAA group(fed with basic diet supplemented with 1 500 mg/kg GAA),LA group(fed with basic diet supplemented with 600 mg/kg LA),and MIX group(fed with basic diet supplemented with 1 500 mg/kg GAA and 600 mg/kg LA).The experiment lasted for 60 days,and rumen fluid samples were collected after the experiment for 16S rRNA sequencing and untargeted metabolomics analysis of rumen microbiota and metabolites.[Result]At the phylum level of the rumen microbial community in sheep,compared with control group,the abundance of Patescibacteria in GAA and MIX groups was significantly increased(P＜0.05),while the abundance of Verrucomicrobiota in LA and MIX groups was significantly decreased(P＜0.05).At the genus level of the rumen microbial community in sheep,the abundance of Quinella in LA group was significantly decreased(P＜0.05);The abundance of Candidatus_Saccharimonas in all groups was significantly increased(P＜0.05),while the abundance of Turicibacter was significantly decreased(P＜0.05);The abundance of Veillonellaceae_UCG-001 in GAA group was significantly decreased(P＜0.05);The abundance of Eubacterium_Ruminantium_group in MIX group was significantly decreased(P＜0.05).Metabolic pathway analysis of the rumen microbial community in sheep showed that the differential metabolites in GAA group,such as 11-hydroxyperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid and 8-methoxyeicosatetraenoic acid,primarily participated in the tryptophan metabolism pathway,The differential metabolites in LA group,such as sphingosine-1-phosphate and dihydrosphingosine,mainly participated in the sphingolipid signaling pathway and sphingolipid metabolism pathway.Meanwhile,the differential metabolites in MIX group,such as 8-methoxyeicosatetraenoic acid,guanosine monophosphate,and 3-methylindole,primarily participated in the tryptophan metabolism pathway.[Conclusion]The addition of GAA or LA alone or in combination in the feed could regulate the composition and metabolic functions of the rumen microbial community in sheep.The results were helpful to reveal the underlying principles of GAA and LA as additives.
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