摘要
中国海岸线长,大型海藻种类丰富,包含红藻、褐藻和绿藻.主要的栽培种类有海带、裙带菜、紫菜、龙须菜等.近年来,中国大型海藻年产量约在1 940万t.大型海藻作为一种可持续利用的海洋资源,富含蛋白质、脂肪酸、矿物质等营养物质和多糖、多酚、卤代化合物、萜类等功能性成分,这些功能性成分对反刍动物的生长发育和机体健康皆有益处,且能减少反刍动物甲烷排放,缓解全球变暖,具有无残留、无耐药性的特点,在成为绿色、功能性饲料或饲料添加剂方面极具潜力.作者就大型海藻的生物活性物质及其生理功能,以及在反刍动物瘤胃内环境调控、改善抗氧化能力和免疫性能、提升生产性能以及减少温室气体排放等方面的应用进行了综述,以期为大型海藻资源的开发与利用提供参考.
Abstract
China has a long coastline and a rich variety of macroalgae,including red seaweeds,brown seaweeds and green seaweeds.The output of macroalgae cultivation in China is about 19.4 million tons,and the main varieties are kelp,wakame,laver,gracilaria and so on.Macroalgae is a kind of sustainable marine resource,rich in nutrients such as protein,fatty acids,minerals,and functional substances including polysaccharides,polyphenols,halogenated compounds,and terpenoids.It is beneficial for ruminant nutrition and physiological health,and is helpful for reducing methane emissions of ruminants and alleviating global warming.Macroalgae has unique advantages of no residue and no biological resistance.Hence,it has great potential in developing green and healthy animal feedstuff.The article reviews the bioactive substances and physiological functions of macroalgae,while combined with their applications in rumen environmental regulation,improving antioxidant and immune properties,enhancing production performance and reducing greenhouse gas emissions of ruminants,in order to provide scientific basis for the development and utilization of macroalgae resources.
基金项目
南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海)重点项目(SML2021SP203)
新疆饲料生物技术重点实验室开放课题(XJSLSW-2023002)
广州市科技计划项目(2023A04J0793)
广东省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队项目(2023KJ114)
维普
万方数据