Porcine sapelovirus(PSV)belongings to the Sapelovirus genus of the Picornaviridae family,is a non-enveloped single-stranded and positive-sense RNA virus.Similar to other porcine enteric viruses,PSV is mainly transmitted through fecal-oral and can also be transmitted through contact or airborne.Piglets is susceptible to the virus and it can cause functional disorders such as the nervous system,respiratory system,and digestive system of piglets,seriously,it can even cause the piglets death,and there are different pathogenicity and tissue tropism between different strains.In clinical practice,PSV is often mixed with a variety of viruses such as Porcine teschovirus,Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus,Porcine kobuvirus,which increases the complexity of clinical symptoms,the difficulty of diagnosis and accelerates the spread of the virus.In addition,the genetic recombination phenomenon and the risk of cross-race spread of PSV have causing a potential threat to pig industry.At present,there are many detection methods such as nucleic acid levels,protein levels,and serology that can be used for PSV laboratory testing.A variety of cell lines can establish in vitro infection models for related research.At present,the research of PSV mainly focuses on the study of epidemiology and its isolation and identification.There are fewer researches on PSV infection and pathogenesis and no commercially available vaccines and effective antiviral drugs.This article comprehensive describes the research progress of PSV in terms of etiological characteristics,epidemiology,pathogenic mechanism,clinical prevention and control,to provide a theoretical basis for further research on the prevention and control of PSV.
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