钐钴永磁废料回收稀土研究现状及展望
Research Status and Prospect of Rare Earth Recovery from Samarium Cobalt Permanent Magnetic Waste
白宇航 1谢文霞 1王飞 1徐宝强 1蒋文龙 1杨斌1
作者信息
- 1. 云南省有色金属真空冶金重点实验室,省部共建复杂有色金属资源清洁利用国家重点实验室,真空冶金国家工程研究中心,昆明理工大学冶金与能源工程学院,云南昆明 650093
- 折叠
摘要
钐钴(Sm-Co)稀土永磁材料因其在恶劣环境 下优异的磁性能,目前在新能源、电子信息等特殊领域应用广泛.在生产与使用Sm-Co永磁材料时会产生大量废料,从废旧永磁体中高效回收有价金属,对于缓解中国战略金属资源紧缺意义重大.长期以来,研究人员致力于开展Nd-Fe-B永磁体废料的回收研究,对Sm-Co永磁废料回收研究较少.因此本文综述了目前Sm-Co永磁废料的回收工艺,对比了盐酸优溶法、硫酸复盐法、酸性沉淀法等湿法工艺的优势与不足;分析了氯化法、玻璃渣法等火法工艺回收永磁废料的可行性与经济效益;单独介绍了电沉积法、氢化法、重熔法回收Sm-Co永磁废料的局限性;并提出钐钴永磁废料回收技术的绿色高效回收工艺及可能发展方向.
Abstract
Sm-Co rare earth permanent magnetic materials are widely used in new energy,electronic informa-tion and other special fields due to their excellent magnetic properties in harsh environments.When producing and using Sm-Co permanent magnet materials,a large amount of waste materials will be produced.Efficient re-covery of valuable metals from waste permanent magnets is of great significance for alleviating the shortage of strategic metal resources in China.For a long time,researchers have been committed to the research on the re-covery of Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet waste,and there is little research on the recovery of Sm-Co permanent magnet waste.Therefore,this paper summarizes the current recovery process of Sm-Co permanent magnet waste,and compares the advantages and disadvantages of wet processes such as hydrochloric acid preferential solution method,sulfuric acid double salt method,and acid precipitation method;The feasibility and economic benefits of pyrometallurgical processes such as chlorination and glass slag for recovering permanent magnet waste are analyzed.The limitations of electrodeposition,hydrogenation and remelting methods to recover Sm-Co permanent magnetic waste are introduced separately.The green and efficient recovery process of samarium co-balt permanent magnetic waste recovery technology and its possible development direction are also proposed.
关键词
钐钻永磁废料/稀土/二次资源回收/循环利用Key words
Sm-Co permanent magnetic scrap/rare earth/secondary resource recovery/recycling引用本文复制引用
基金项目
云南省万人计划青年拔尖人才专项项目(109720190004)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据