稀土金属为电子结构相似、化学性质相近的17种化学元素,其中镧系元素有独特的4f电子层排列方式,具有丰富的电子能级和氧化价态,能与配体形成多种配位结构,在催化领域受到广泛关注,展现出巨大的应用潜力.本文整理了近年来稀土材料在电催化反应中的应用实例,包括水分解(Overall water splitting)、析氢反应(HER)、析氧反应(OER)、氧还原反应(ORR)、二氧化碳还原反应(CO2RR)和氮还原反应(NRR).系统介绍了稀土催化剂在不同电催化体系中的设计特点,并讨论了提高和改进稀土电催化剂活性、稳定性方面的一般设计思路.最后,对稀土电催化剂的未来发展进行了总结和展望.
Research Progress in Rare Earth-Based Electrocatalysts
Rare earth(RE)consists of 17 elements with similar electronic structure and chemical properties,lanthanides have the unique arrangement of 4f electron layers,abundant electronic energy levels and multiplex oxidation states,which could be coordinated with many ligands to form a variety of complexes.They have been widely used and shown a great potential in the field of catalysis.In this paper,we summarize the recent research of rare earth element-based electrocatalysts,including water splitting,hydrogen revolution reaction(HER),oxygen revolution reaction(OER),oxygen reduction reaction(ORR),carbon dioxide reduction reaction(CO2RR)and nitrogen reduction reaction(NRR).In addition,we introduce the rational design of rare earth catalysts for electrocatalytic reactions,and discuss the challenges how to improve their activity and stability.Finally,the future developments of rare earth-based electrocatalysts are prospected.
rare earthelectronic structureelectrocatalystrecent research
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